sechenovSechenov Medical JournalСеченовский вестник2218-73322658-3348Сеченовский Университет10.47093/2218-7332.2024.15.1.47-60sechenov-1059Research ArticleMODELING IN MEDICINEМОДЕЛИРОВАНИЕ В МЕДИЦИНЕPatellar motion and dysfunction of its stabilizers in a biomechanical model of the knee jointДвижение надколенника и дисфункция его стабилизаторов в биомеханической модели коленного суставаhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-4288-9069ЮроваА. С.YurovaA. S.

Юрова Александра Сергеевна, канд. физ.-мат. наук,научный сотрудник

ул. Губкина, д. 8, г. Москва, 119333

   

Alexandra S. Yurova, Cand. of Sci. (Physics and Mathematics), researcher

8, Gubkin str., Moscow, 119333

yurova@dodo.inm.ras.ruhttps://orcid.org/0009-0007-6921-6423ТягуноваА. И.TyagunovaA. I.

Тягунова Александра Игоревна, магистрант

ул. Трубецкая, д. 8, стр. 2, г. Москва, 119048

Олимпийский пр-т, д. 1, г. Сочи, 354340

Alexandra I. Tyagunova, student

8/2, Trubetskaya str., Moscow, 119048

1, Olympic pr., Sochi, 354340

   

https://orcid.org/0009-0001-3901-750XЛогиновФ. Б.LoginovF. B. 

Логинов Федор Борисович, магистрант

ул. Трубецкая, д. 8, стр. 2, г. Москва, 119048

Fedor B. Loginov, student

8/2, Trubetskaya str., Moscow, 119048

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4718-1377ВасилевскийЮ. В.VassilevskiYu. V.

Василевский Юрий Викторович, д-р физ.-мат. наук, заместитель директора по науке; зав. кафедрой высшей математики, механики и математического моделирования; научный руководитель направления «Математическое моделирование в биомедицине и геофизике» Научного центра информационных технологий и искусственного интеллекта

ул. Губкина, д. 8, г. Москва, 119333

ул. Трубецкая, д. 8, стр. 2, г. Москва, 119048

Олимпийский пр-т, д. 1, г. Сочи, 354340

Yuri V. Vassilevski, Dr. of Sci. (Physics and Mathematics), Deputy Director for science; Head of Mathematics, Mechanics and Mathematical Modelling Department; Head of Department "Mathematical modeling in biomedicine and geophysics", Scientifi c Center for Information Technologies and Artifi cial Intelligence

8, Gubkin str., Moscow, 119333

8/2, Trubetskaya str., Moscow, 119048

1, Olympic pr., Sochi, 354340

 

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2202-8149ЛычагинА. В.LychaginA. V.

Лычагин Алексей Владимирович, д-р мед. наук, зав. кафедрой травматологии, ортопедии и медицины катастроф

ул. Трубецкая, д. 8, стр. 2, г. Москва, 119048

Alexey V. Lychagin, Dr. of Sci. (Medicine), Head of Traumatology, Orthopedics and Disaster Medicine Department

8/2, Trubetskaya str., Moscow, 119048

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8103-5613КалинскийЕ. Б.KalinskyE. B.

Калинский Евгений Борисович, д-р мед. наук, доцент кафедры травматологии, ортопедии и медицины катастроф

ул. Трубецкая, д. 8, стр. 2, г. Москва, 119048

Eugene B. Kalinsky, Dr. of Sci. (Medicine), Associate Professor, Traumatology, Orthopedics and Disaster Medicine Department

8/2, Trubetskaya str., Moscow, 119048

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2231-0689ЛаринаЕ. В.LarinaE. V.

Ларина Елена Владимировна, канд. физ.-мат. наук, доцент кафедры высшей математики, механики и математического моделирования

ул. Трубецкая, д. 8, стр. 2, г. Москва, 119048

Elena V. Larina, Cand. of Sci. (Physics and Mathematics), Associate Professor, Mathematics, Mechanics and Mathematical Modelling Department

8/2, Trubetskaya str., Moscow, 119048

https://orcid.org/0009-0001-7809-0400ГороховаН. В.GorohovaN.  V.

Горохова Наталья Владимировна, канд. физ.-мат. наук, доцент кафедры высшей математики, механики и математического моделирования

ул. Трубецкая, д. 8, стр. 2, г. Москва, 119048

Natalia V. Gorohova, Cand. of Sci. (Physics and Mathematics), Associate Professor, Mathematics, Mechanics and Mathematical Modelling Department

8/2, Trubetskaya str., Moscow, 119048

https://orcid.org/0009-0000-2996-2594ДевятьяровК. А.DevyatyarovK. A.

Девятьяров Кирилл Алексеевич, ассистент кафедры высшей математики, механики и математического моделирования

ул. Трубецкая, д. 8, стр. 2, г. Москва, 119048

Kirill A. Devyatyarov, Assistant Professor, Mathematics, Mechanics and Mathematical Modelling Department

8/2, Trubetskaya str., Moscow, 119048

https://orcid.org/0009-0002-4338-668XБогдановО. Н.BogdanovO. N.

Богданов Олег Николаевич, канд. физ.-мат. наук, доцент кафедры высшей математики, механики и математического моделирования

ул. Трубецкая, д. 8, стр. 2, г. Москва, 119048

Oleg N. Bogdanov, Cand. of Sci. (Physics and Mathematics), Associate Professor, Mathematics, Mechanics and Mathematical Modelling Department

8/2, Trubetskaya str., Moscow, 119048

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4949-6591КоваленкоИ. Б.KovalenkoI. B.

Коваленко Илья Борисович, д-р физ.-мат. наук, профессор кафедры высшей математики, механики и математического моделирования

ул. Трубецкая, д. 8, стр. 2, г. Москва, 119048

Ilya B. Kovalenko, Dr. of Sci. (Physics and Mathematics), Professor, Mathematics, Mechanics and Mathematical Modelling Department

8/2, Trubetskaya str., Moscow, 119048

https://orcid.org/0009-0000-9994-8771ЧесноковаК. В.ChesnokovaK. V.

Чеснокова Ксения Васильевна, канд. физ.-мат. наук, доцент кафедры высшей математики, механики и математического моделирования

ул. Трубецкая, д. 8, стр. 2, г. Москва, 119048

Ksenia V. Chesnokova, Cand. of Sci. (Physics and Mathematics), Associate Professor, Mathematics, Mechanics and Mathematical Modelling Department

8/2, Trubetskaya str., Moscow, 119048

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1173-714XДергачевМ. А.DergachevM. A. 

Дергачев Максим Алексеевич, старший преподаватель кафедры высшей математики, механики и математического моделирования

ул. Трубецкая, д. 8, стр. 2, г. Москва, 119048

Maxim A. Dergachev, Senior Lecturer, Mathematics, Mechanics and Mathematical Modelling Department

8/2, Trubetskaya str., Moscow, 119048

https://orcid.org/0009-0004-5577-2873МычкаЕ. Ю.MychkaE. Yu.

Мычка Евгений Юрьевич, канд. физ.-мат. наук, доцент кафедры высшей математики, механики и математического моделирования

ул. Трубецкая, д. 8, стр. 2, г. Москва, 119048

Eugene Yu. Mychka, Cand. of Sci.  (Physics and Mathematics), Associate Professor, Mathematics, Mechanics and Mathematical Modelling Department

8/2, Trubetskaya str., Moscow, 119048

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9268-4355КосухинО. Н.KosukhinO. N.

Косухин Олег Николаевич, канд. физ.-мат. наук, доцент кафедры высшей математики, механики и математического моделирования

ул. Трубецкая, д. 8, стр. 2, г. Москва, 119048

Oleg N. Kosukhin, Cand. of Sci. (Physics and Mathematics), Associate Professor, Mathematics, Mechanics and Mathematical Modelling Department

8/2, Trubetskaya str., Moscow, 119048

ФГБУН «Институт вычислительной математики им. Г.И. Марчука» Российской академии наукРоссияMarchuk Institute of Numerical MathematicsRussian FederationФГАОУ ВО «Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет им. И.М. Сеченова» Минздрава России (Сеченовский Университет); АНОО ВО «Научно-технологический университет “Сириус”»РоссияSechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University); Sirius UniversityRussian FederationФГАОУ ВО «Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет им. И.М. Сеченова» Минздрава России (Сеченовский Университет)РоссияSechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University)Russian FederationФГБУН «Институт вычислительной математики им. Г.И. Марчука» Российской академии наук; ФГАОУ ВО «Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет им. И.М. Сеченова» Минздрава России (Сеченовский Университет); АНОО ВО «Научно-технологический университет “Сириус”»РоссияMarchuk Institute of Numerical Mathematics; Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University); Sirius UniversityRussian Federation2024190420241514760Copyright © Yurova A.S., Tyagunova A.I., Loginov F.B., Vassilevski Y.V., Lychagin A.V., Kalinsky E.B., Larina E.V., Gorohova N.V., Devyatyarov K.A., Bogdanov O.N., Kovalenko I.B., Chesnokova K.V., Dergachev M.A., Mychka E.Y., Kosukhin O.N., 20242024Юрова А.С., Тягунова А.И., Логинов Ф.Б., Василевский Ю.В., Лычагин А.В., Калинский Е.Б., Ларина Е.В., Горохова Н.В., Девятьяров К.А., Богданов О.Н., Коваленко И.Б., Чеснокова К.В., Дергачев М.А., Мычка Е.Ю., Косухин О.Н.Yurova A.S., Tyagunova A.I., Loginov F.B., Vassilevski Y.V., Lychagin A.V., Kalinsky E.B., Larina E.V., Gorohova N.V., Devyatyarov K.A., Bogdanov O.N., Kovalenko I.B., Chesnokova K.V., Dergachev M.A., Mychka E.Y., Kosukhin O.N.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.sechenovmedj.com/jour/article/view/1059Aim

Aim. To develop a biomechanical model of the knee joint, including a detailed representation of the patellofemoral segment for the normal anatomy of bones, joints, ligaments and muscles, and study patellar movement during passive knee flexion.

Materials and methods

Materials and methods. The architecture of the biomechanical model was developed using an open source software system for biomechanical modeling OpenSim. Patellofemoral joint with 6 degrees of freedom, patellar stabilizers – medial patellofemoral ligament (MPFL), medial patellotibial ligament (MPTL), lateral retinaculum (LR), and patellar contact surfaces (facets) were included in the model. Gmsh and Paraview were used to generate the contact surfaces. Simulations of knee passive flexion with consistent patellar stabilizers exclusion were carried out to identify their influence on patellar movement.

Results

Results. The presented biomechanical model provides a detailed analysis of the normal dynamics of the patella and the role of different anatomical structures in its functioning and can be used for further experiments investigating of the patellar movement. The experiment involving all ligaments is consistent with the physiological norm. Disabling MPTL has minimal effects on patellar tilt and translation, which aligns with its small size. In contrast, deactivating MPFL results in increased lateral tilt and translation of the patella. Additionally, deactivation of LR components 1 and 2 induces more medial tilt and translation. Deactivating LR components 3 and 4 leads to further lateral translation and slight additional medial tilt.

Conclusion

Conclusion. Computational results show that all ligaments contribute to the normal movement of the patella. These findings highlight the importance of stabilizing structures in maintaining patellar stability during knee flexion.

Цель

Цель. Разработка биомеханической модел и коленного сустава, включающей детальное представление пателлофеморального сегмента для нормальной анатомии костей, суставов, связок и мышц, а также изучение движения надколенника во время пассивного сгибания колена.

Материалы и методы

Материалы и методы. Архитектура биомеханической модели была разработана с использованием открытой платформы для биомеханического моделирования OpenSim. В модель был включен пателлофеморальный сустав с 6 степенями свободы, стабилизаторы надколенника – медиальная пателлофеморальная связка (medial patellofemoral ligament, MPFL), медиальная пателлотибиальная связка (medial patellotibial ligament, MPTL), латеральный ретинакулум (lateral retinaculum, LR) и контактные поверхности надколенника (фасетки). Для генерации контактных поверхностей использовались пакеты Gmsh и Paraview. Были проведены симуляции пассивного сгибания колена с последовательным исключением стабилизаторов надколенника для выявления их влияния на движение надколенника.

Результаты

Результаты. Представленная биомеханическая модель позволяет провести детальный анализ нормальной динамики надколенника и роли различных анатомических структур в его функционировании и может быть использована для дальнейших экспериментов, исследующих движение надколенника. Результаты эксперимента, включающего все связки, соответствуют физиологической норме. Отключение MPTL имеет минимальное воздействие на наклон и смещение надколенника, что объясняется небольшим размером этой связки. Деактивация MPFL приводит к увеличению бокового наклона и смещения надколенника. Кроме того, деактивация компонентов LR 1 и 2 вызывает увеличение медиального наклона и смещения. Деактивация компонентов LR 3 и 4 приводит к боковому смещению и незначительному дополнительному медиальному наклону.

Заключение

Заключение. Результаты вычислений показывают, что все связки вносят вклад в нормальное движение надколенника. Эти результаты подчеркивают важность стабилизирующих структур в поддержании стабильности надколенника во время сгибания колена.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.