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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">sechenov</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Sechenov Medical Journal</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Сеченовский вестник</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2218-7332</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2658-3348</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Сеченовский Университет</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.47093/2218-7332.2024.15.2.13-27</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">sechenov-1101</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>CELL BIOLOGY, CYTOLOGY, HISTOLOGY</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>КЛЕТОЧНАЯ БИОЛОГИЯ, ЦИТОЛОГИЯ, ГИСТОЛОГИЯ</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Morphological characteristics of the cerebral cortex of a mini-pig under conditions of gene therapy after experimental stroke</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Морфологические характеристики коры головного мозга мини-свиньи в условиях генной терапии после экспериментального инсульта</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4577-3448</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сафиуллов</surname><given-names>З. З.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Safiullov</surname><given-names>Z. Z.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Сафиуллов Зуфар Зуфарович, канд. мед. наук, доцент кафедры нормальной анатомии</p><p>ул. Бутлерова, д. 49, г. Казань, 420012</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Zufar Z. Safiullov, Cand. of Sci. (Medicine), Associate Professor, Department of Normal Anatomy</p><p>49, Butlerova str., Kazan, 420012</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8128-4636</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Измайлов</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Izmailov</surname><given-names>A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Измайлов Андрей Александрович, канд. мед. наук, ассистент кафедры гистологии, цитологии и эмбриологии </p><p>ул. Бутлерова, д. 49, г. Казань, 420012</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Andrey A. Izmailov, Cand. of Sci. (Medicine), Assistant Professor, Department of Histology, Cytology and Embryology</p><p>49, Butlerova str., Kazan, 420012</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">andrei.izmaylov@kazangmu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3789-0284</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Маркосян</surname><given-names>В. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Markosyan</surname><given-names>V. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Маркосян Ваге Аршалуйсович, канд. мед. наук, старший преподаватель кафедры оперативной хирургии и топографической анатомии</p><p>ул. Бутлерова, д. 49, г. Казань, 420012</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vage A. Markosyan, Cand. of Sci. (Medicine), Senior Lecturer, Department of Operative Surgery and Topographic Anatomy</p><p>49, Butlerova str., Kazan, 420012</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5032-2599</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Хомяков</surname><given-names>А. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Khomyakov</surname><given-names>A. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Хомяков Александр Евгеньевич, врач-патологоанатом, научный сотрудник лаборатории молекулярной и клеточной медицины</p><p>ул. Бутлерова, д. 49, г. Казань, 420012</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexander E. Khomyakov, pathologist, Researcher, Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Medicine</p><p>49, Butlerova str., Kazan, 420012</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0000-7619-0750</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бойчук</surname><given-names>Н. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Boychuk</surname><given-names>N. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Бойчук Наталья Валентиновна, канд. биол. наук, доцент кафедры гистологии, цитологии и эмбриологии</p><p>ул. Бутлерова, д. 49, г. Казань, 420012</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Nataliya V. Boychuk, Cand. of Sci. (Biology), Associate Professor, Department of Histology, Cytology and Embryology</p><p>49, Butlerova str., Kazan, 420012</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0005-6731-4041</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Нигметзянова</surname><given-names>М. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nigmetzyanova</surname><given-names>M. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Нигметзянова Мария Владимировна, канд. биол. наук, доцент кафедры гистологии, цитологии и эмбриологии</p><p>ул. Бутлерова, д. 49, г. Казань, 420012</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Maria V. Nigmetzyanova, Cand. of Sci. (Biology), Associate Professor, Department of Histology, Cytology and Embryology</p><p>49, Butlerova str., Kazan, 420012</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1490-3510</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сираева</surname><given-names>А. Р.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Siraeva</surname><given-names>A. R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Сираева Алина Рафаиловна, студентка</p><p>ул. Бутлерова, д. 49, г. Казань, 420012</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alina R. Siraeva, student</p><p>49, Butlerova str., Kazan, 420012</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5123-6062</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Таргачев</surname><given-names>С. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Targachev</surname><given-names>S. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Таргачев Султан Субханвердиевич, ассистент кафедры оперативной хирургии и топографической анатомии</p><p>ул. Бутлерова, д. 49, г. Казань, 420012</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sultan S. Targachev, Assistant Professor, Department of Operative Surgery and Topographic Anatomy</p><p>49, Butlerova str., Kazan, 420012</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6030-6373</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Валиуллин</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Valiullin</surname><given-names>V. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Валиуллин Виктор Владимирович, д-р биол. наук, профессор кафедры гистологии, цитологии и эмбриологии</p><p>ул. Бутлерова, д. 49, г. Казань, 420012</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Victor V. Valiullin, Dr. of Sci. (Biology), Professor, Department of Histology, Cytology and Embryology</p><p>49, Butlerova str., Kazan, 420012</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6632-4636</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Исламов</surname><given-names>Р. Р.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Islamov</surname><given-names>R. R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Исламов Рустем Робертович, д-р мед. наук, профессор, заведующий кафедрой гистологии, цитологии и эмбриологии</p><p>ул. Бутлерова, д. 49, г. Казань, 420012</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Rustem R. Islamov, Dr. of Sci. (Medicine), Professor, Head of the Department of Histology, Cytology and Embryology</p><p>49, Butlerova str., Kazan, 420012</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0007-7369-5850</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Поспелов</surname><given-names>В. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pospelov</surname><given-names>V. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Поспелов Вадим Игоревич, профессор, научный руководитель</p><p>ул. Маршала Бирюзова, д. 32, Москва, 123060</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vadim I. Pospelov, Professor, Scientific Director </p><p>32, Marshala Biryuzova str., Moscow, 123060</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Казанский государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Kazan State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ООО «Импульс жизни»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>LLC “Impulse of Life”</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>31</day><month>07</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>15</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>13</fpage><lpage>27</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Safiullov Z.Z., Izmailov A.А., Markosyan V.A., Khomyakov A.E., Boychuk N.V., Nigmetzyanova M.V., Siraeva A.R., Targachev S.S., Valiullin V.V., Islamov R.R., Pospelov V.I., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Сафиуллов З.З., Измайлов А.А., Маркосян В.А., Хомяков А.Е., Бойчук Н.В., Нигметзянова М.В., Сираева А.Р., Таргачев С.С., Валиуллин В.В., Исламов Р.Р., Поспелов В.И.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Safiullov Z.Z., Izmailov A., Markosyan V.A., Khomyakov A.E., Boychuk N.V., Nigmetzyanova M.V., Siraeva A.R., Targachev S.S., Valiullin V.V., Islamov R.R., Pospelov V.I.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.sechenovmedj.com/jour/article/view/1101">https://www.sechenovmedj.com/jour/article/view/1101</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Aim</title><p>Aim. To study the effectiveness of preventive gene therapy (within 2 days) and gene therapy in the acute phase (after 4 hours) of ischemic stroke in mini-pigs using an autologous leucoconcentrate (AutoLeuc) enriched with recombinant genes of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF165), glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) and neural cell adhesion molecule 1 (NCAM1), as well as the migration of leukocytes transduced with a chimeric adenoviral vector serotype 5 with fiber 35 serotype (Ad5/F35) and the green fluorescent protein (GFP) genome into immune defense organs.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. The experiment was conducted on 8-month-old Vietnamese lop-bellied mini-pigs (n=16). An ischemic stroke was created by occlusion of the distal branches of the left middle cerebral artery and the right common carotid artery. Genetically modified AutoLeuc was administered preventively intravenously 2 days before or in the acute phase 4 hours after stroke modelling; the control group was injected with 30 ml of saline solution. The morphology of the cerebral cortex was assessed using histological methods in the areas bordering the infarction and peri-infarction after 21 days. The migration of genetically modified Ad5/F35-GFP leukocytes into the brain, spleen, and submandibular lymph nodes was studied a week after stroke modelling.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. In the peri-infarction zone, the content of pyknotic neurons in control animals was higher, while the number of capillaries was lower than in the gene therapy groups. In the latter, neurons had a typical morphology with preserved outgrowths; in the control group, the outgrowths were tortuous and fragmented. Fluorescence microscopy after injection of AutoLeuc with Ad5/F35-GFP revealed GFP-positive cells in the spleen and submandibular lymph nodes.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. 21 days after modeling a stroke in mini-pigs against the background of preventive gene therapy or gene therapy in the acute phase using VEGF165/GDNF/NCAM1 AutoLeuc, greater preservation of neurons and a higher density of capillaries in the peri-infarction zone of ischemic brain damage were established. Leukocytes with Ad5/ F35-GFP were found in the spleen and submandibular lymph nodes.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель. Изучить эффективность превентивной генной терапии (за 2 суток) и генной терапии в острую фазу (через 4 часа) ишемического инсульта у мини-свиньи с помощью аутологичного лейкоконцентрата (АутоЛК), обогащенного рекомбинантными генами сосудистого эндотелиального фактора роста (VEGF165), глиального нейротрофического фактора (GDNF) и нейрональной молекулы клеточной адгезии 1 (NCAM1), а также миграцию лейкоцитов, трансдуцированных химерным аденовирусным вектором 5 серотипа с фибером 35 серотипа (Ad5/F35) и геном зеленого флуоресцентного белка (GFP) в органы иммунной защиты.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Эксперимент проведен на 8-месячных вьетнамских вислобрюхих мини-свиньях (n = 16). Ишемический инсульт создавали путем окклюзии дистальных ветвей левой средней мозговой артерии и правой общей сонной артерии. Генетически модифицированный АутоЛК вводили превентивно внутривенно за 2 суток до или в острую фазу через 4 часа после моделирования инсульта, контрольной группе вводили 30 мл физиологического раствора. Морфологию коры мозга оценивали с помощью гистологических методов в пограничной с инфарктом и периинфарктной зонах через 21 сутки. Миграцию генетически модифицированных Ad5/F35-GFP лейкоцитов в головной мозг, селезенку, поднижнечелюстные лимфоузлы изучали через неделю после моделирования инсульта.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. В периинфарктной зоне содержание пикнотических нейронов у контрольных животных было выше, при этом количество капилляров было меньше, чем в группах генной терапии. У последних нейроны имели типичную морфологию с сохранными отростками, в контрольной группе отростки были извилисты и фрагментированы. Флуоресцентная микроскопия после введения АутоЛК с Ad5/F35-GFP выявила GFPпозитивные клетки в селезенке и поднижнечелюстных лимфатических узлах.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Через 21 сутки после моделирования инсульта у мини-свиней на фоне превентивной генной терапии или генной терапии в острую фазу с помощью VEGF165/GDNF/NCAM1-АутоЛК установлена большая сохранность нейронов и выше плотность капилляров в периинфарктной зоне ишемического повреждения мозга. Лейкоциты с Ad5/F35-GFP обнаружены в селезенке и поднижнечелюстных лимфатических узлах.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>ишемический инсульт головного мозга</kwd><kwd>нейрон</kwd><kwd>аутологичный лейкоконцентрат</kwd><kwd>сосудистый эндотелиальный фактор роста</kwd><kwd>глиальный нейротрофический фактор</kwd><kwd>нейрональная молекула клеточной адгезии</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>ischemic stroke</kwd><kwd>neuron</kwd><kwd>autologous leukoconcentrate</kwd><kwd>vascular endothelial growth factor</kwd><kwd>glial cell linederived neurotrophic factor</kwd><kwd>neuronal cell adhesion molecule</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование выполнено при финансовой поддержке гранта РНФ № 19-75-10030 . Авторы выражают благодарность студентам ФГБОУ ВО «Казанский государственный медицинский университет» А.М. Агаеву, Д.М. Самигуллиной, Р.Р. Малькову, Р.Х. Ахметову за помощь в проведении исследования.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The research was supported by the grant of the Russian Science Foundation No. 19-75-10030 . The authors would like to thank the students of Kazan State Medical University (A.M. Agaev, D.M. Samigullina, R.R. Malkov, R.R. Akhmetov) for their help in conducting the study.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Saini V., Guada L., Yavagal D.R. Global epidemiology of stroke and access to acute ischemic stroke interventions. Neurology. 2021 Nov 16; 97(20 Suppl 2): S6–S16. https://doi.org/10.1212/WNL.0000000000012781. PMID: 34785599</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Saini V., Guada L., Yavagal D.R. Global epidemiology of stroke and access to acute ischemic stroke interventions. 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