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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">sechenov</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Sechenov Medical Journal</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Сеченовский вестник</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2218-7332</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2658-3348</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Сеченовский Университет</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.47093/2218-7332.2025.16.3.48-55</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">sechenov-1379</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>INTERNAL MEDICINE</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ВНУТРЕННИЕ БОЛЕЗНИ</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Spur-cell anemia in patient with acute-on-chronic liver failure: clinical case</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Акантоцитоз – редкая причина анемии у пациента с острым повреждением печени на фоне хронического: клинический случай</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7640-638X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Люсина</surname><given-names>Е. О.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Liusina</surname><given-names>E. О.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Люсина Екатерина Олеговна, канд. мед. наук, научный сотрудник лаборатории экспериментальной и профилактической гастроэнтерологии ФГБУ «НМИЦ терапии и профилактической медицины» Минздрава России; врач-гастроэнтеролог ООО «Чайка Белые Сады»</p><p>пер. Петроверигский, д. 10, стр. 3, г. Москва, 101990, </p><p>ул. Лесная, д. 9, г. Москва, 125196</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ekaterina O. Liusina, Cand. of Sci. (Medicine), Research Associate, Laboratory of Experimental and Preventive Gastroenterology, National Medical Research Center for Therapy and Preventive Medicine; gastroenterologist, LLC “Chaika White Gardens”.</p><p>10/3, Petroverigsky Ln., Moscow, 101990, </p><p>9, Lesnaya str., Moscow, 125196</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">eka-lusina@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5959-6759</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Суворова</surname><given-names>Н. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Suvorova</surname><given-names>N. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Суворова Наталья Александровна, канд. мед. наук, доцент кафедры госпитальной терапии им. академика П.Е. Лукомского ФГАОУ ВО РНИМУ им. Н.И. Пирогова Минздрава России (Пироговский Университет); врач-терапевт ГБУЗ «ГКБ № 15 ДЗМ»; врач-гастроэнтеролог ООО «ДОКМЕД»</p><p>ул. Островитянова, д. 1, стр. 6, г. Москва, 117513, </p><p>ул. Вешняковская, д. 23, г. Москва, 111539, </p><p>ул. Трубная, д. 35, г. Москва, 127051</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Natalia A. Suvorova, Cand. of Sci. (Medicine), Associate Professor, Department of Hospital Therapy named after Academician P.E. Lukomsky, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University; physician, City Clinical Hospital No. 15 named after O.M. Filatov; gastroenterologist, LLC “DOCMED”</p><p>1/6, Ostrovityanova str., Moscow, 117513, </p><p>23, Veshnyakovskaya str., Moscow, 111539, </p><p>35, Trubnaya str., Moscow, 127051</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1420-8369</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Костиков</surname><given-names>А. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kostikov</surname><given-names>A. Р.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Костиков Андрей Петрович, терапевт </p><p>ул. Палехская, д. 21, г. Москва, 129337</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Andrey P. Kostikov, physician</p><p>21, Palekhskaya str., Moscow, 129337</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр терапии и профилактической медицины» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации;&#13;
ООО «Чайка Белые Сады»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>National Medical Research Center for Therapy and Preventive Medicine;&#13;
LLC “Chaika White Gardens”</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГАОУ ВО «Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет имени Н.И. Пирогова» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации;&#13;
ГБУЗ «Городская клиническая больница № 15 имени О.М. Филатова Департамента здравоохранения города Москвы»;&#13;
ООО «ДОКМЕД»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>N.I. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University;&#13;
City Clinical Hospital No.15 named after O.M. Filatov;&#13;
LLC “DOCMED”</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ООО «Детская клиника»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>LLC “Children’s Clinic”</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>02</day><month>11</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>16</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>48</fpage><lpage>55</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Liusina E.О., Suvorova N.A., Kostikov A.Р., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Люсина Е.О., Суворова Н.А., Костиков А.П.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Liusina E.О., Suvorova N.A., Kostikov A.Р.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.sechenovmedj.com/jour/article/view/1379">https://www.sechenovmedj.com/jour/article/view/1379</self-uri><abstract><p>One of the rare forms of anemia in patients with liver cirrhosis (LC) is acanthocytosis (spur cell anemia) – a non‑immune hemolytic anemia caused by alterations in the lipid composition of the red blood cells membrane because of severe liver failure.</p><sec><title>Case report</title><p>Case report. A 37‑year‑old patient with decompensated alcoholic LC (Child‑Pugh class C, the MELD‑Na (Model for End‑Stage Liver Disease – Na) score was 34 points) presented with severe weakness and dyspnea. Acute‑on‑chronic liver failure was diagnosed: CLIF‑C ACLF (Chronic Liver Failure Consortium Acute‑on‑Chronic Liver Failure Score) score was 46. Severe macrocytic anemia with reticulocytosis was detected: hemoglobin – 50 g/L, red blood cells – 1.26×10¹²/L, reticulocytes – 77.9 ‰. Other causes of anemia, such as blood loss, iron deficiency, vitamin B12 and folate deficiencies were excluded. The Coombs test was negative, and bone marrow examination ruled out myelodysplasia. Blood smear analysis revealed that 20% of red blood cells had the shape of spur cells, with approximately half of them being acanthocytes. Orthotopic liver transplantation was performed. Follow-up examination after three months showed normalization of liver function tests and absence of anemia and acanthocytosis.</p></sec><sec><title>Discussion</title><p>Discussion. This case report highlights the need for blood smear examination to detect acanthocytes – a rare but prognostically unfavorable cause of anemia in patients with LC. Liver transplantation remains the only effective treatment option.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Одной из редких форм анемии у пациентов с циррозом печени (ЦП) является акантоцитоз (шпороклеточная анемия) – неиммунная гемолитическая анемия, обусловленная изменением липидного состава мембраны эритроцитов в результате тяжелой печеночной недостаточности.</p><sec><title>Описание случая</title><p>Описание случая. У пациента 37 лет с декомпенсированным алкогольным ЦП (класс С по шкале Child – Pugh, индекс MELD‑Na (Model for End‑Stage Liver Disease – Na, модель для оценки терминальной стадии заболевания печени с учетом натрия) составил 34 балла) появилась выраженная слабость и одышка. Диагностировано острое повреждение печени на фоне хронического: показатель по шкале CLIF‑С ACLF (Chronic Liver Failure Consortium Acute-on-Chronic Liver Failure Score, шкала оценки острого повреждения печени на фоне хронического Консорциума по изучению хронической печеночной недостаточности) составила 46 баллов. Выявлена тяжелая макроцитарная анемия с ретикулоцитозом: гемоглобин – 50 г/л, эритроциты – 1,26×1012/л, ретикулоциты – 77,9 ‰. Исключена кровопотеря, дефицит железа, витамина В12 и фолатов, проба Кумбса отрицательная, исследование костного мозга исключило миелодисплазию. В мазке крови 20% эритроцитов имели форму шпоровидных клеток, из них около половины – акантоциты. Выполнена ортотопическая трансплантация печени. Контрольное обследование через три месяца показало нормализацию печеночных функциональных тестов и отсутствие анемии и акантоцитоза.</p></sec><sec><title>Обсуждение</title><p>Обсуждение. Представленный случай демонстрирует необходимость изучения мазка крови для выявления акантоцитов как редкой, но прогностически неблагоприятной причины анемии у пациентов с ЦП. Единственным эффективным методом лечения является трансплантация печени.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>шпороклеточная анемия</kwd><kwd>гемолиз</kwd><kwd>цирроз</kwd><kwd>алкоголь</kwd><kwd>акантоциты</kwd><kwd>MELD-Na</kwd><kwd>CLIF-С ACLF</kwd><kwd>трансплантация печени</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>spur‑cell anemia</kwd><kwd>hemolysis</kwd><kwd>cirrhosis</kwd><kwd>alcohol</kwd><kwd>acanthocytes</kwd><kwd>MELD‑Na</kwd><kwd>CLIF‑С ACLF</kwd><kwd>liver transplantation</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Scheiner B., Semmler G., Maurer F., et al. Prevalence of and risk factors for anaemia in patients with advanced chronic liver disease. Liver Int. 2020 Jan; 40(1): 194–204. https://doi.org/10.1111/liv.14229. PMID: 31444993</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Scheiner B., Semmler G., Maurer F., et al. 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