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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">sechenov</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Sechenov Medical Journal</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Сеченовский вестник</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2218-7332</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2658-3348</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Сеченовский Университет</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.47093/2218-7332.2026.17.1.4-17</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">sechenov-1492</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>INTERNAL MEDICINE</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ВНУТРЕННИЕ БОЛЕЗНИ</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Extremely high lipoprotein (a) as a marker of early atherosclerosis: analysis of a large real-world cohort</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Экстремально высокий липопротеин (а) как маркер раннего атеросклероза: анализ крупной когорты реальной практики</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6292-3837</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Чащин</surname><given-names>М. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Chashchin</surname><given-names>M. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Чащин Михаил Георгиевич - канд. мед. наук, врач-кардиолог, липидолог, руководитель липидной клиники ФГБУ «НМИЦ терапии и профилактической медицины» Минздрава России.</p><p>Пер. Петроверигский, д. 10, стр. 3, г. Москва, 101990</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Mikhail G. Chashchin, Cand. of Sci. (Medicine), cardiologist, lipidologist, Head of the Lipid Clinic.</p><p>10/3, Petroverigsky Ln., Moscow, 101990</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">dr.chaschin@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0002-0812-7252</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Хутаева</surname><given-names>З. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Khutaeva</surname><given-names>Z. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Хутаева Залина Исламовна - аспирант ФГБУ «НМИЦ терапии и профилактической медицины» Минздрава России; врач-кардиолог, липидолог КДЦ «МЕДСИ» на Белорусской.</p><p>Пер. Петроверигский, д. 10, стр. 3, г. Москва, 101990; пер. Грузинский, д. 3а, Москва, 123056</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Zalina I. Khutaeva - postgraduate student, National Medical Research Center for Therapy and Preventive Medicine; сardiologist, lipidologist, MEDSI CDC at Belorusskaya.</p><p>10/3, Petroverigsky Ln., Moscow, 101990; 3A, Gruzinsky Ln., Moscow, 123056</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">zalina.cardio@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0007-4610-164X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Коновалов</surname><given-names>Г. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Konovalov</surname><given-names>G. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Коновалов Геннадий Александрович - д-р мед. наук, профессор, руководитель Центра диагностики и инновационных медицинских технологий КДЦ «МЕДСИ» на Белорусской.</p><p>Пер. Грузинский, д. 3а, Москва, 123056</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Gennady A. Konovalov - Dr. of Sci. (Medicine), Professor, Head of the Center for Diagnostics and Innovative Medical Technologies, MEDSI CDC at Belorusskaya.</p><p>3A, Gruzinsky Ln., Moscow, 123056</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">konovalov@medsigroup.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0009-9218-8197</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мухтаров</surname><given-names>М. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mukhtarov</surname><given-names>M. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Мухтаров Максим Булатович - директор Департамента по работе с данными ООО «МЕДСИ Диджитал».</p><p>ул. Успенская, д. 5, г. Красногорск, 143409</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Maxim B. Mukhtarov - Director of the Data Management Department, MEDSI Digital LLC.</p><p>5, Uspenskaya str., Krasnogorsk, 143409</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">mukhtarov.mb@medsigroup.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0007-4106-6160</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мусаева</surname><given-names>З. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Musaeva</surname><given-names>Z. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Мусаева Зубайдат Магомедовна - врач-кардиолог, заведующая кардиологическим отделением КДЦ «МЕДСИ» на Белорусской.</p><p>Пер. Грузинский, д. 3а, Москва, 123056</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Zubaidat M. Musaeva - сardiologist, Head of the Cardiology Department, MEDSI CDC at Belorusskaya.</p><p>3A, Gruzinsky Ln., Moscow, 123056</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">musaeva.zm@medsigroup.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0001-7702-2932</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Хашиева</surname><given-names>Х. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Khashieva</surname><given-names>Kh. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Хашиева Хава Амировна - врач-кардиолог, липидолог КДЦ «МЕДСИ» на Белорусской.</p><p>Пер. Грузинский, д. 3а, Москва, 123056</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Khava A. Khashieva - cardiologist, lipidologist, MEDSI CDC at Belorusskaya.</p><p>3A, Gruzinsky Ln., Moscow, 123056</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">hashieva.ha@medsigroup.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0002-9646-6763</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Аверкиев</surname><given-names>В. Л.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Averkiev</surname><given-names>V. L.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Аверкиев Вадим Леонидович, канд. мед. наук, врач-трансфузиолог, заведующий отделением экстракорпоральных методов лечения Центра диагностики и инновационных медицинских технологий КДЦ «МЕДСИ» на Белорусской.</p><p>Пер. Грузинский, д. 3а, Москва, 123056</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vadim L. Averkiev - Cand. of Sci. (Medicine), transfusiologist, Head of the Department of Extracorporeal Methods of Treatment, Center for Diagnostics and Innovative Medical Technologies, MEDSI CDC at Belorusskaya.</p><p>3A, Gruzinsky Ln., Moscow, 123056</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">averkiev.vl@medsigroup.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0009-2225-2608</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рабичева</surname><given-names>В. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Rabicheva</surname><given-names>V. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Рабичева Венера Сияровна, врач-трансфузиолог отделения экстракорпоральных методов лечения Центра диагностики и инновационных медицинских технологий КДЦ «МЕДСИ» на Белорусской.</p><p>Пер. Грузинский, д. 3а, Москва, 123056</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Venera S. Rabicheva - transfusiologist, Department of Extracorporeal Methods of Treatment, Center for Diagnostics and Innovative Medical Technologies, MEDSI CDC at Belorusskaya.</p><p>3A, Gruzinsky Ln., Moscow, 123056</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">Rabicheva.VS@medsigroup.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1423-214X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Горшков</surname><given-names>А. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gorshkov</surname><given-names>A. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Горшков Александр Юрьевич - канд. мед. наук, заместитель директора по научной и амбулаторно-поликлинической работе ФГБУ «НМИЦ терапии и профилактической медицины» Минздрава России.</p><p>Пер. Петроверигский, д. 10, стр. 3, г. Москва, 101990</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexander Yu. Gorshkov - Cand. of Sci. (Medicine), Deputy Director for Research and Outpatient Clinical Activities, National Medical Research Center for Therapy and Preventive Medicine.</p><p>10/3, Petroverigsky Ln., Moscow, 101990</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">Aygorshkov@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4453-8430</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Драпкина</surname><given-names>О. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Drapkina</surname><given-names>O. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Драпкина Оксана Михайловна - д-р мед. наук, профессор, академик РАН, директор ФГБУ «НМИЦ терапии и профилактической медицины» Минздрава России; Главный внештатный специалист по терапии и общей врачебной практике Минздрава России.</p><p>Пер. Петроверигский, д. 10, стр. 3, г. Москва, 101990</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Oksana M. Drapkina - Dr. of Sci. (Medicine), Professor, Academician of the RAS, Director of the National Medical Research Center for Therapy and Preventive Medicine; Chief External Expert in Internal Medicine and General Practice of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation.</p><p>10/3, Petroverigsky Ln., Moscow, 101990</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">drapkina.om@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр терапии и профилактической медицины» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>National Medical Research Center for Therapy and Preventive Medicine</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр терапии и профилактической медицины» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации; Клинико-диагностический центр «МЕДСИ» на Белорусской</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>National Medical Research Center for Therapy and Preventive Medicine; Clinical and Diagnostic Center MEDSI at Belorusskaya</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Клинико-диагностический центр «МЕДСИ» на Белорусской</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Clinical and Diagnostic Center MEDSI at Belorusskaya</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ООО «МЕДСИ Диджитал»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>MEDSI Digital LLC</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>12</day><month>06</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>17</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>4</fpage><lpage>17</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Chashchin M.G., Khutaeva Z.I., Konovalov G.A., Mukhtarov M.B., Musaeva Z.M., Khashieva K.A., Averkiev V.L., Rabicheva V.S., Gorshkov A.Y., Drapkina O.M., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Чащин М.Г., Хутаева З.И., Коновалов Г.А., Мухтаров М.Б., Мусаева З.М., Хашиева Х.А., Аверкиев В.Л., Рабичева В.С., Горшков А.Ю., Драпкина О.М.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Chashchin M.G., Khutaeva Z.I., Konovalov G.A., Mukhtarov M.B., Musaeva Z.M., Khashieva K.A., Averkiev V.L., Rabicheva V.S., Gorshkov A.Y., Drapkina O.M.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.sechenovmedj.com/jour/article/view/1492">https://www.sechenovmedj.com/jour/article/view/1492</self-uri><abstract><p>Lipoprotein (a) (Lp(a)) is a genetically determined risk factor for atherosclerosis, with extremely high levels associated with very high cardiovascular risk. Despite this, in routine clinical practice these patients often remain insufficiently identified.</p><sec><title>Aim</title><p>Aim. To characterize the prevalence and severity of subclinical atherosclerosis in various vascular beds in patients with Lp(a) ≥ 180 mg/dL, including younger age groups.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. We performed a retrospective analysis of a database comprising 101,078 outpatients, from which 1105 (1.09%) individuals with Lp(a) ≥ 180 mg/dL and available lipid profile data were selected; women accounted for 67.2%, and the mean age was 52.74 ± 14.59 years. The presence of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) was ascertained from medical records, and atherosclerosis was assessed by duplex ultrasound of the brachiocephalic arteries (BCA) and lower extremity arteries (LEA), as well as by the Agatston coronary artery calcium score (CACS). At least one vascular bed was evaluated in 69.8% of patients, and all three were evaluated in 6.2%.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. Most patients showed elevated levels of total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol. From the age of 25–44 years onward, a substantial proportion of patients already showed atherosclerotic involvement of the BCA and LEA with stenosis ≥20% and pronounced coronary calcification (CACS &gt; 100 units), with a shift toward more severe lesions in older age groups. In the subgroup that underwent imaging of all three vascular beds, 60.0% of patients aged 25–44 years had two or three beds that were affected; the proportion of patients with involvement of all three vascular beds increased to 40.0% in those aged 45–59 years, 76.9% in those aged 60–74 years, and reached 100% in patients aged ≥ 75 years (p &lt; 0.001). The prevalence of clinically documented ASCVD increased from 10.3% in the 25–44 age group to 67.1% in patients aged ≥ 75 years. Even among patients without documented ASCVD, atherosclerotic involvement of the BCA, LEA and coronary calcification was detected in 85.9%, 82.6% and 37.1% of cases, respectively.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. Patients with Lp(a) ≥ 180 mg/dL are characterized by a high prevalence and early onset of subclinical, frequently multifocal atherosclerosis, with a pronounced age-related gradient of progression. These findings support the case for designating this cohort as a priority group for in-depth evaluation, risk re-stratification and more intensive preventive management.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Липопротеин (а) [Лп(а)] – генетически обусловленный фактор атеросклероза, при этом его экстремальные значения ассоциированы с крайне высоким сердечно-сосудистым риском. Однако в реальной клинической практике такие пациенты выявляются и характеризуются недостаточно.</p><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель. Охарактеризовать распространенность и выраженность cубклинического атеросклероза в различных сосудистых бассейнах у пациентов с уровнем Лп(а) ≥ 180 мг/дл, включая молодые возрастные группы.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Проведен ретроспективный анализ базы данных 101 078 амбулаторных пациентов, из которой выделено 1105 (1,09%) с Лп(а) ≥ 180 мг/дл и доступными данными липидного профиля; женщины составили 67,2%, средний возраст – 52,74 ± 14,59 года. По данным медицинских карт оценивали частоту атеросклеротических сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний (АССЗ), атеросклероз – по дуплексному сканированию брахиоцефальных артерий (БЦА) и артерий нижних конечностей (АНК), а также по индексу коронарного кальция (ИКК) по Агатстону; хотя бы один сосудистый бассейн был обследован у 69,8% пациентов, все три – у 6,2%.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. У большинства пациентов отмечались повышенные значения общего холестерина и холестерина липопротеинов низкой плотности. Начиная с возраста 25–44 лет у значительной части пациентов выявлялись атеросклеротические изменения БЦА и АНК со стенозом ≥ 20% и выраженный коронарный кальциноз (ИКК &gt; 100 ед.), причем с возрастом структура поражения смещалась в сторону более тяжелых форм. В подгруппе с обследованием трех сосудистых бассейнов поражение двух или трех бассейнов имели 60,0% пациентов 25–44 лет; доля пациентов с вовлечением всех трех бассейнов составила 40,0% в группе 45–59 лет, 76,9% – в группе 60–74 года и достигала 100% у пациентов 75 лет и старше (p &lt; 0,001). Частота верифицированных АССЗ увеличивалась с 10,3% в группе 25–44 года до 67,1% у пациентов 75 лет и старше. Даже среди пациентов без АССЗ атеросклеротическое поражение БЦА, АНК и коронарный кальциноз выявлялись в 85,9, 82,6 и 37,1% случаев соответственно.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Пациенты с Лп(а) ≥ 180 мг/дл характеризуются высокой распространенностью и ранней реализацией субклинического, часто мультифокального атеросклероза с выраженным возрастным градиентом прогрессирования. Полученные данные поддерживают целесообразность выделения данной когорты в приоритетный контур углубленного обследования, рестратификации риска и более интенсивной профилактической тактики.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>липопротеин (а)</kwd><kwd>сердечно-сосудистый риск</kwd><kwd>мультифокальный атеросклероз</kwd><kwd>индекс коронарного кальция</kwd><kwd>сердечно-сосудистые заболевания</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>lipoprotein (a)</kwd><kwd>cardiovascular risk</kwd><kwd>multifocal atherosclerosis</kwd><kwd>coronary artery calcium score</kwd><kwd>cardiovascular diseases</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование не имело спонсорской поддержки (собственные ресурсы)</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The study was not sponsored (own resources)</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Афанасьева О.И., Покровский С.Н. 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