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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">sechenov</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Sechenov Medical Journal</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Сеченовский вестник</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2218-7332</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2658-3348</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Сеченовский Университет</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.47093/22187332.2019.4.31-39</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">sechenov-180</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>INTERNAL MEDICINE</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ВНУТРЕННИЕ БОЛЕЗНИ</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Cochrane method for evaluating the efficacy of drugs, national contribution to international Cochrane collaboration</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Кокрейновская методология оценки эффективности лекарственных препаратов, отечественный вклад в работу международного Кокрейновского сотрудничества</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5745-7605</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Варганова</surname><given-names>Д. Л.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Varganova</surname><given-names>D. L.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Варганова Дарья Леонидовна, младший научный сотрудник центра доказательной медицины и технопарка биомедицины ФГАОУ ВО Первый МГМУ им. И.М. Сеченова, врач - гастроэнтеролог  ГУЗ Ульяновская областная клиническая больница</p><p>ул. Трубецкая, д. 8, стр. 2, г. Москва, 119991Тел.: +7 (903) 339-19-77 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Daria L. Varganova, MD, junior researcher, Center for Evidence Based Medicine, Technopark of Biomedicine, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University; gastroenterologist, Ulyanovsk State Clinical Hospital</p><p>8/2 Trubetskaya st., Moscow, 119991Tel.: +7 (903) 339-19-77</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">datich@ya.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5031-9798</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Павлов</surname><given-names>Ч. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pavlov</surname><given-names>C. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Павлов Чавдар Савов, д-р мед. наук, профессор, директор центра доказательной медицины технопарка биомедицина, заведующий кафедрой терапии Института профессионального образования</p><p>г. Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Chavdar S. Pavlov, Professor, MD, PhD, DMSc, Head  of Center for Evidence Based Medicine, Technopark of Biomedicine, Head of Internal Diseases Department, Institute of Professional Education</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1592-5703</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Свистунов</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Svistunov</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Свистунов Андрей Алексеевич, д-р мед. наук, профессор, член-корреспондент РАН, первый проректор</p><p>г. Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Andrey A. Svistunov, MD, PhD, DMSc, Professor, Corresponding Member of the RAS, First Vice-rector</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГАОУ ВО «Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет им. И.М. Сеченова» Минздрава России (Сеченовский Университет); ГУЗ «Ульяновская областная клиническая больница»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University); Ulyanovsk State Clinical Hospital</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГАОУ ВО «Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет им. И.М. Сеченова» Минздрава России (Сеченовский Университет)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2019</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>30</day><month>12</month><year>2019</year></pub-date><volume>10</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>31</fpage><lpage>39</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Varganova D.L., Pavlov C.S., Svistunov A.A., 2019</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2019</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Варганова Д.Л., Павлов Ч.С., Свистунов А.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Varganova D.L., Pavlov C.S., Svistunov A.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.sechenovmedj.com/jour/article/view/180">https://www.sechenovmedj.com/jour/article/view/180</self-uri><abstract><p>Modern approaches in medicine are based on the principles of evidence-based and balanced decisions in the age of personalized evidence-based medicine. Cochrane collaboration plays an important role in the development of evidence-based medicine; it’s methodology of meta-analysis, summarizing the scientiﬁc evidence from randomized clinical trials (RCTs) to answer the clinical questions about safety and eﬀectiveness of various medical interventions. The article provides a brief historical background on the main milestones in the development of the methodology of evidence-based medicine, on the formation of Cochrane collaboration. The authors explain the concept of meta-analysis and systematic review, their types, methodological features and current requirements. The article deﬁnes the sequence of writing a metaanalysis: determing a task, inclusion and exclusion criteria, systematic search for randomized clinical trials, methodological assessment of studies, error risk assessment, meta-analysis models: ﬁxed and random eﬀects; determination of heterogeneity, presentation of meta-analysis results, assessment of conﬁdence level using the GRADE system. The domestic experience of establishing evidence-based medicine in Russia and the contribution to the Cochrane international collaboration are represented separately: the opening of the ﬁrst branch of the North European Cochrane Cooperation Center in Russia in 1998, the development of educational activities, the work of the Russian clone of the Cochrane Hepatobiliary Group and the appearance of the ﬁrst qualitative meta-analysis, written by Russian authors, the introduction of an adapted system and the development of a national system for supporting medical decisions. The policy of introducing evidence-based medicine at the state level, legal acts, and the prospects for the development of evidence-based medicine in Russia are reﬂected.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Современные подходы в медицине основаны на принципах научно обоснованных и взвешенных решений в век персонализированной медицины, основанной на доказательствах. Кокрейновскому сотрудничеству принадлежит ключевая роль в развитии доказательной медицины, разработке методологии написания мета-анализов для обобщения научных данных рандомизированных клинических исследований, отвечающих на вопрос безопасности и эффективности различных медицинских вмешательств. В статье дается краткая историческая справка об основных вехах развития методологии доказательной медицины, образовании Кокрейновского сотрудничества. Авторы расшифровывают понятия мета-анализа и систематического обзора, их виды, особенности методологии и современные требования к написанию мета-анализов и систематических обзоров. В статье даются представление об этапах написания мета-анализа: определение задачи, критериев включения и исключения, систематический поиск рандомизированных клинических исследований, методологическая оценка исследований, оценка риска ошибки; модели мета-анализов: фиксированных и случайных эффектов; определение гетерогенности, представление результатов мета-анализа, оценка уровня достоверности с использованием системы GRADE. Отдельно отражен отечественный опыт становления доказательной медицины в России, вклад в работу Кокрейновского международного сотрудничества: открытие первого филиала Североевропейского центра Кокрейновского сотрудничества в России в 1998 г., развитие образовательной деятельности, работа российского клона Гепатобилиарной группы Кокрейна и появление первых качественных мета-анализов, написанных российскими авторами, внедрение адаптированной системы и разработка национальной системы поддержки врачебных решений. Отражены политика внедрения доказательной медицины на уровне государства, нормативно-правовые акты, перспективы развития доказательной медицины в России.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>мета-анализ</kwd><kwd>систематический обзор</kwd><kwd>доказательная медицина</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>meta-analysis</kwd><kwd>systematiс review</kwd><kwd>evidence based medicine</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Glass GV. Primary, secondary, and meta-analysis of research. Educational Research, 1976; 5: 3–8. DOI: 10.2307/1174772</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Glass GV. Primary, secondary, and meta-analysis of research. Educational Research, 1976; 5: 3–8. DOI: 10.2307/1174772</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Pearson K. 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