sechenovSechenov Medical JournalСеченовский вестник2218-73322658-3348Сеченовский Университет10.47093/2218-7332.2021.12.1.4-17sechenov-283Research ArticleBIOMEDICAL STATISTICS TUTORIALРУКОВОДСТВО ПО БИОМЕДИЦИНСКОЙ СТАТИСТИКЕStudies and research design in medicineДизайн научных исследований в медицинеhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-3989-2590БулановН. М.BulanovN. M.

Буланов Николай Михайлович, канд. мед. наук, доцент кафедры внутренних, профессиональных болезней и ревматологии

ул. Трубецкая, д. 8, стр. 2, г. Москва, 119991

Nikolay M. Bulanov, Cand. of Sci. (Medicine), Associate Professor, Department of Internal, Occupational Diseases and Rheumatology

8/2, Trubetskaya str., Moscow, 119991

bulanov_n_m@sechenov.staff.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-0194-6389БлюссО. Б.BlyussO. B.

Блюсс Олег Борисович, канд. физ.-мат. наук, доцент кафедры педиатрии и детских инфекционных болезней; старший преподаватель

Колледж Лейн, Хатфилд, AL10 9AB

Oleg B. Blyuss, Cand. of Sci. (Phys. and Math.), Associate Professor, Department of Paediatrics and Paediatric Infectious Diseases; Senior Lecturer

College Lane, Hatfield, AL10 9AB

 

o.blyuss@herts.ac.ukhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-9652-6856МунблитД. Б.MunblitD. B.

Мунблит Даниил Борисович, PhD, профессор кафедры педиатрии и детских инфекционных болезней; Почетный старший преподаватель, Секция воспаления, регенерации и развития, Национальный институт сердца и легких, Медицинский факультет

Эксибишн роуд, Южный Кенсингтон, Лондон, SW7 2BU

Daniil B. Munblit, PhD, Professor, Department of Paediatrics and Paediatric Infectious Diseases;  Honorary Senior Lecturer, Inflammation, Repair and Development Section, National Heart and Lung Institute, Faculty of Medicine

Exhibition Rd, South Kensington, London, SW7 2BU

daniel.munblit08@imperial.ac.ukhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-4291-5052НеклюдовН. А.NekliudovN. A.

Неклюдов Никита Андреевич, студент клинического института детского здоровья им. Н.Ф. Филатова

ул. Трубецкая, д. 8, стр. 2, г. Москва, 119991

Nikita A. Nekliudov, student, Institute of Child’s Health named after N.F. Filatov

8/2, Trubetskaya str., Moscow, 119991

n.kit.md@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-2173-0566БутнаруД. В.ButnaruD. V.

Бутнару Денис Викторович, канд. мед. наук, проректор по научной работе

ул. Трубецкая, д. 8, стр. 2, г. Москва, 119991

Denis V. Butnaru, Cand. of Sci. (Medicine), Vice-rector for Research

8/2, Trubetskaya str., Moscow, 119991

butnaru_d_v@sechenov.staff.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-7510-6553КодзоеваХ. Б.KodzoevaK. B.

Кодзоева Хава Багаудиновна, аспирант кафедры пропедевтики внутренних болезней, гастроэнтерологии и гепатологии

ул. Трубецкая, д. 8, стр. 2, г. Москва, 119991

Khava B. Kodzoeva, Postgraduate Student, Department of Internal Medicine Propaedeutics, Gastroenterology and Hepatology

8/2, Trubetskaya str., Moscow, 119991

nmbulanov@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-1210-2528НадинскаяМ. Ю.NadinskayaM. Yu.

Надинская Мария Юрьевна, канд. мед. наук, доцент кафедры пропедевтики внутренних болезней, гастроэнтерологии и гепатологии

ул. Трубецкая, д. 8, стр. 2, г. Москва, 119991

Maria Yu. Nadinskaia, Cand. of Sci. (Medicine), Associate Professor, Department of Internal Medicine Propaedeutics, Gastroenterology and Hepatology

8/2, Trubetskaya str., Moscow, 119991

nadinskaya_m_yu@staff.sechenov.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-7540-1130ЗаикинА. А.ZaikinA. A.

Заикин Алексей Анатольевич, канд. физ.-мат. наук, заместитель директора Центра анализа сложных систем; профессор системной медицины, Институт женского здоровья и кафедра математики

Гоуэр стрит, Лондон, WC1E 6BT

Alexey A. Zaikin, Cand. of Sci. (Phys. and Math.), Deputy Director, Centre for Analysis of Complex Systems; Professor of Systems Medicine, Institute for Women’s Health and Department of Mathematics

Gower str., London, WC1E 6BT

alexey.zaikin@ucl.ac.ukФГАОУ ВО «Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет им. И.М. Сеченова» Минздрава России (Сеченовский Университет)РоссияSechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University)Russian FederationФГАОУ ВО «Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет им. И.М. Сеченова» Минздрава России (Сеченовский Университет); Университет ХартфордшираВеликобританияSechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University); University of HertfordshireUnited KingdomФГАОУ ВО «Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет им. И.М. Сеченова» Минздрава России (Сеченовский Университет); Имперский колледж ЛондонаВеликобританияSechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University); Imperial College LondonUnited KingdomФГАОУ ВО «Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет им. И.М. Сеченова» Минздрава России (Сеченовский Университет); Университетский колледж ЛондонаВеликобританияSechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University); University College LondonUnited Kingdom202129042021121417Copyright © Bulanov N.M., Blyuss O.B., Munblit D.B., Nekliudov N.A., Butnaru D.V., Kodzoeva K.B., Nadinskaya M.Y., Zaikin A.A., 20212021Буланов Н.М., Блюсс О.Б., Мунблит Д.Б., Неклюдов Н.А., Бутнару Д.В., Кодзоева Х.Б., Надинская М.Ю., Заикин А.А.Bulanov N.M., Blyuss O.B., Munblit D.B., Nekliudov N.A., Butnaru D.V., Kodzoeva K.B., Nadinskaya M.Y., Zaikin A.A.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.sechenovmedj.com/jour/article/view/283

Adequate design is an essential condition for conducting a successful study. This review describes the most common types of research design in medicine. We discuss the differences between different types of observational and interventional studies, their advantages and limitations providing examples for each study design. The concept of bias and its potential sources in different studies are covered. We suggest the most suitable approaches to study design for different research objectives and outline approaches to data presentation. During the last decades, several guidelines for conducting and reporting different types of research were proposed and they are also covered in this manuscript.

Адекватный дизайн является необходимым условием для проведения успешного научного исследования. В настоящем обзоре представлены основные типы дизайна научных исследований в области медицины. Авторы обсуждают основные различия между несколькими видами наблюдательных и интервенционных исследований, а также их преимущества и недостатки на примере опубликованных статей. В обзоре представлена концепция систематических ошибок и их возможные причины. Обсуждаются подходы к выбору дизайна исследования в зависимости от задач исследования, а также методы описания результатов. В тексте даны ссылки на рекомендации по организации и представлению результатов различных типов исследований, которые были предложены за последние годы.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.