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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">sechenov</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Sechenov Medical Journal</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Сеченовский вестник</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2218-7332</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2658-3348</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Сеченовский Университет</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.47093/2218-7332.2021.12.4.19-28</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">sechenov-413</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>NEUROSURGERY</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>НЕЙРОХИРУРГИЯ</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>On the cutting edge: anterior transpetrosal approach – the middle fossa approach. Clinical application, surgical anatomy, and results</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>На переднем крае: передний транспетрозальный доступ – доступ к средней черепной ямке. Клиническое применение, хирургическая анатомия и результаты</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0105-5786</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мастронарди</surname><given-names>Л.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mastronardi</surname><given-names>L.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p> доктор медицины, доктор философии</p><p> Тел.: +39 06 33062318 </p><p>Ул. Джованни Мартинотти, 20 – 00135 Рим, Италия</p><p>4030 Уэйк Форест роуд, Роли, Северная Каролина 27609, США</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p> MD, PhD</p><p>Tel.: +39 06 33062318</p><p>Via Giovanni Martinotti, 20 – 00135 Roma, Italy </p><p>4030 Wake Forest Rd, Raleigh, NC 27609, USA </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">mastro@tin.it</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3216-1007</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>де Ваэль</surname><given-names>Л.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>De Waele</surname><given-names>L.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p> доктор медицины, доктор философии </p><p>Гравенстаат № 188 9810 Назарет, Бельгия </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p> MD, PhD</p><p>S’Gravenstraat nr., 188 9810 Nazareth, Belgium </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5586-9238</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Фукушима</surname><given-names>Т.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Fukushima</surname><given-names>T.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p> доктор медицины, доктор философии </p><p>4030 Уэйк Форест роуд, Роли, Северная Каролина 27609, США</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p> MD, PhD</p><p>4030 Wake Forest Rd, Raleigh, NC 27609, USA </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Отделение нейрохирургии, отделение хирургических специальностей, больница «Сан Филиппо Нери» / ASL;&#13;
Отделение нейрохирургии Института нейронаук штата Северная Каролина</institution><country>Италия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgical Specialties, San Filippo Neri Hospital/ASL;&#13;
Department of Neurosurgery, Carolina Neuroscience Institute, Raleigh</institution><country>Italy</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Международная образовательная группа F.R.I.E.N.D.S.</institution><country>Бельгия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>F.R.I.E.N.D.S. International Education Group</institution><country>Belgium</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Отделение нейрохирургии Института нейронаук штата Северная Каролина</institution><country>Соединённые Штаты Америки</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Department of Neurosurgery, Carolina Neuroscience Institute, Raleigh</institution><country>United States</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>29</day><month>11</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>12</volume><issue>4</issue><issue-title>Special Issue "Neurosurgery"</issue-title><fpage>19</fpage><lpage>28</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Mastronardi L., De Waele L., Fukushima T., 2021</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Мастронарди Л., де Ваэль Л., Фукушима Т.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Mastronardi L., De Waele L., Fukushima T.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.sechenovmedj.com/jour/article/view/413">https://www.sechenovmedj.com/jour/article/view/413</self-uri><abstract><p>Nowadays, the middle cranial fossa approach (MFA) is one of the most useful operative procedures in skull base surgery. When performed properly, it provides a relevant adjunct to treating complex skull base lesions. MFA allows one to resect the anterior petrous bone (anterior petrosectomy), open the internal auditory canal (IAC), and access the lateral wall of the cavernous sinus and the infratemporal fossa. Knowledge of the anatomical structures of the middle cranial fossa and cavernous sinus is mandatory to perform this approach. We report in detail the standard extradural subtemporal route for the anterior petrosectomy and MFA. The main indications for this approach are intradural lesions localized medially to the trigeminal nerve, subtemporal interdural and extradural tumours and neoplasms involving the IAC (including IAC pathology). Moreover, we describe the extended middle fossa approach, consisting in the anterior extension of MFA, indicated for intradural tumours of the superior cerebello-pontine angle and of prepontine clivus (retroclival lesions, ventral brainstem tumours, and cavernomas), for infratemporal fossa lesions, and cavernous sinus pathologies. Even if the anatomical landmarks of the middle cranial fossa and lateral skull base are well known, training with cadaver dissection is necessary for any skull-base surgeon to perform an optimum MFA. The cadaver-lab dissections simplify the learning of anatomical structures, and prepare the surgeon properly for this technically challenging approach.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>В настоящее время доступ к средней черепной ямке (СЧЯ) является одним из наиболее эффективных в хирургии основания черепа. При правильном выполнении этот доступ является важной опцией хирургического лечения сложной патологии основания черепа.Доступ к СЧЯ позволяет провести резекцию переднего края каменистой части височной кости (передняя петрозэктомия), открыть внутренний слуховой проход (ВСП), получить доступ к латеральной стенке кавернозного синуса и подвисочной ямке. Знание анатомических структур СЧЯ и кавернозного синуса является обязательным для выполнения этого доступа. Мы подробно описываем стандартный экстрадуральный субтемпоральный доступ для проведения передней петрозэктомии к СЧЯ. Основными показаниями для этого доступа являются интрадуральные поражения, локализованные медиально к тройничному нерву, субтемпоральные интрадуральные и экстрадуральные опухоли и новообразования, вовлекающие ВСП (включая и его патологию). Кроме того, мы описываем расширенный доступ к СЧЯ, заключающийся в ее переднем расширении, который показан при интрадуральных опухолях верхней части мосто-мозжечкового угла и препонтинной части ската (ретрокливальные поражения, вентральные опухоли ствола мозга и каверномы), при поражениях подвисочной ямки и патологии кавернозного синуса. Даже если анатомические ориентиры СЧЯ и латерального основания черепа хорошо изучены, для наиболее качественного выполнения доступа к СЧЯ любому хирургу, специализирующемуся на вмешательствах в области основания черепа, необходимо обучение на диссекционных кадавер-курсах. Отработка практических навыков на кадаверном материале значительно упрощает изучение анатомических структур, должным образом подготавливая специалиста к этому технически сложному доступу.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>хирургическая анатомия основания черепа</kwd><kwd>передний петрозальный доступ</kwd><kwd>доступ к средней черепной ямке</kwd><kwd>кавернозный синус</kwd><kwd>клиническое применение</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>skull base surgical anatomy</kwd><kwd>anterior petrosal approach</kwd><kwd>middle fossa approach</kwd><kwd>cavernous sinus</kwd><kwd>clinical application</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Al-Mefty O., Ayoubi S., Gaber E. Trigeminal schwannomas: removal of dumbbell-shaped tumours through the expanded Meckel cave and outcomes of cranial nerve function. 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