sechenovSechenov Medical JournalСеченовский вестник2218-73322658-3348Сеченовский Университетsechenov-683Research ArticleLITERATURE REVIEWОБЗОР ЛИТЕРАТУРЫWRITER'S CRAMP: A HISTORICAL REVIEWПИСЧИЙ СПАЗМ: ИСТОРИЧЕСКИЙ ОЧЕРКШавловскаяО. А.ShavlovskayaO. A.

Ольга Александровна Шавловская, д.м.н., ведущий научный сотрудник лаборатории патологии вегетативной нервной системы8 (925) 383–98–73 

119435, г. Москва, ул. Россолимо, д. 11., стр. 1

O.A. Shavlovskaya, MD, senior research fellow of the laboratory of autonomic nervous system pathology

shavlovskaya@mma.ruНИО неврологии НИЦ Первого МГМУ им. И.М. СеченоваРоссияResearch department of neurology (SRC) of the First MSMU named after I.M. SechenovRussian Federation20123006201202414Copyright © Shavlovskaya O.A., 20122012Шавловская О.А.Shavlovskaya O.A.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.sechenovmedj.com/jour/article/view/683

This paper is a review of researches on the mechanisms of hand muscle dystonia the example of which is writer's cramp (WC). WC is a movement disorder — specific kind of dystonia characterized by excessive involuntary muscle contractions, which lead to the formation of abnormal posture during the execution of motor tasks and elective violations often involving highly precise, repetitive movements. WC pathophysiology remains unclear. A lack of inhibition at different levels of the sensorimotor system is considered as one of the basic mechanisms of muscle dystonia. Directions in the study of causes of muscular dystonia (WC) are provided: genetic and neurophysiological examination (transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), evoked motor potential (EMP)), neuroimaging techniques (functional MRI, positron emission tomography, PET, a method of threedimensional video analysis of movement.

Представлен обзор исследований по проблеме механизмов формирования мышечной дистонии кисти на примере писчего спазма (ПС). ПС представляет собой двигательное расстройство — дистонию специфического вида действия, характеризуется избыточными непроизвольными сокращениями мышц, что ведёт к формированию патологической позы в момент выполнения моторного задания и избирательному нарушению действий, часто вовлекая высокоточные, повторяющиеся движения. Патофизиология ПС по-прежнему остается неясной. Как один из основных механизмов формирования мышечной дистонии рассматривается недостаток торможения на разных уровнях сенсомоторной системы. Выделены направления в исследовании поиска причин мышечной дистонии при ПС: генетическое и нейрофизиологическое обследования (транскранильная магнитная стимуляция, ТМС; вызванные моторные потенциалы, ВМП), методы нейровизуализации (функциональная МРТ; позитронно-эмиссионная томография, ПЭТ, метод трехмерного видеоанализа движений.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.