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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">sechenov</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Sechenov Medical Journal</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Сеченовский вестник</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2218-7332</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2658-3348</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Сеченовский Университет</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">sechenov-854</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>BISSUES OF CLINICAL MEDICINE</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ВОПРОСЫ КЛИНИЧЕСКОЙ МЕДИЦИНЫ</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>RETRACTED: EVIDENCE OF ANCIENT HIV-1 TRANSMISSION IN THE NORTHERN EUROPE. PALAEOEPIDEMIOLOGICAL ANALYSIS</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>СТАТЬЯ ОТОЗВАНА: СВИДЕТЕЛЬСТВО ЦИРКУЛЯЦИИ ВИРУСА ИММУНОДЕФИЦИТА ЧЕЛОВЕКА I-го ТИПА (ВИЧ-1) НА СЕВЕРЕ ЕВРОПЫ В ДРЕВНОСТИ. ПАЛЕОЭПИДЕМИОЛОГИЧЕСКИЙ АНАЛИЗ</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сергиев</surname><given-names>В. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sergiev</surname><given-names>V. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Владимир Петрович Сергиев, д.м.н., академик РАМН, профессор, заведующий кафедрой тропической медицины и паразитарных болезней, директор НИИ медицинской паразитологии и тропической медицины им. Е.И. Марциновского</p><p>119435, г. Москва, ул. М. Пироговская, д. 20</p><p>Телефон: 8 (499) 246–80–49</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vladimir Petrovich Sergiev, MD, academician of RAMS, prof., head of the chair of tropical medicine and parasitic diseases, director of the Research Institute of medical parasitology and tropical medicine named after E.I. Martsinovsky</p><p>20 M. Pirogovskaya str., Moscow, 119435</p><p>Tel.: 8 (499) 246–80–49</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">snumb@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Первый МГМУ им. И.М. Сеченова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>The I.M. Sechenov First MSMU</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2013</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>30</day><month>12</month><year>2013</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>31</fpage><lpage>38</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Sergiev V.P., 2013</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2013</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Сергиев В.П.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Sergiev V.P.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.sechenovmedj.com/jour/article/view/854">https://www.sechenovmedj.com/jour/article/view/854</self-uri><abstract><p><ext-link xlink:href="https://www.sechenovmedj.com/jour/pages/view/retraction" ext-link-type="uri">RETRACTED ARTICLE</ext-link></p><p>Longitudinal co-evolution of human beings and pathogens resulted in polymorphism of Homo sapiens. CCR5Δ32 HIV-resistance allele is the exception to the rules. Recent origin of HIV-1 in Africa contradicted with the appearance of CCR5Δ32 allele in Northern Europe in previous ages. The author proposed non-contradictory theory of primary appearance of ancient HIV-1 in the Northern Europe 7–10 thousand years ago. The primary epidemics of HIV-infection had been stopped by the appearance of CCR5Δ32 mutation among the affected population. Reemergence of HIV-1 nowadays resulted by the penetration of hibernated HIV-1 into population of drug addicts and men having sex with men.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><ext-link xlink:href="https://www.sechenovmedj.com/jour/pages/view/retraction" ext-link-type="uri">СТАТЬЯ ОТОЗВАНА</ext-link></p><p>Длительная ко-эволюция человека и возбудителей инфекционных болезней привела к полиморфизму человека и появлению генетической резистентности к ряду патогенов. Единственным исключением является вирус иммунодефицита человека I-го типа (ВИЧ-1). Аллель CCR5Δ32 обеспечивает 99,9% невосприимчивость к заражению ВИЧ-1. Согласно принятой гипотезе ВИЧ-1 появился только в сер. ХХ в. в Африке. Столь короткий период циркуляции патогена в человеческой популяции недостаточен для выработки генетического механизма невосприимчивости. Эпицентром распространения мутации, обеспечивающей генетическую защиту от ВИЧ-1, является север Европы. Частота встречаемости CCR5Δ32 убывает по направлению с севера на юго-восток. Эта мутация не встречается среди африканцев, что противоречит гипотезе об африканском происхождении ВИЧ-1. Автор обосновывает гипотезу о первичном происхождении ВИЧ-1 на севере Европы 7–10 тыс. лет назад. Поэтому настоящая эпидемическая ситуация является не первой волной распространения ВИЧ-инфекции. Распространение ВИЧ-инфекции во 2-ой пол. ХХ в. связано с попаданием резерватного варианта ВИЧ-1 в популяцию иммунокомпрометированных наркоманов и гомосексуалов.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>вирус иммунодефицита</kwd><kwd>происхождение ВИЧ-инфекции</kwd><kwd>CCR5Δ32 аллель</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>human immunodeficiency virus</kwd><kwd>origin of HIV-1</kwd><kwd>CCR5Δ32 allele</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Абрашкин А.А. Древние цивилизации Русской равнины. М.: Эксмо. 2012. 320 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Abrashkin A.A. Ancient civilizations of Russian plains. M.: Eksmo. 2012. 320 p.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Беляков В.Д., Голубев Д.Б., Каминский Г.Д., Тец В.В. Саморегуляция паразитарных систем (молекулярно-генетический механизм). 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