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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">sechenov</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Sechenov Medical Journal</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Сеченовский вестник</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2218-7332</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2658-3348</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Сеченовский Университет</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.47093/2218-7332.2023.14.2.49-56</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">sechenov-940</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ONCOLOGY</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОНКОЛОГИЯ</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Case report of metastatic colorectal cancer associated with KRAS A146V and A59G mutations</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Клинические случаи метастатического колоректального рака, ассоциированные с мутациями A146V, A59G гена KRAS</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3061-6108</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кит</surname><given-names>О. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kit</surname><given-names>O. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кит Олег Иванович, д-р мед. наук, академик РАН, генеральный директор</p><p>ул. 14-я линия, д. 63, г. Ростов-на-Дону, 344037</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Oleg I. Kit, Dr. of Sci. (Medicine), Аcademician of the RAS, General Director</p><p>63, 14th Line str., Rostov-on-Don, 344037</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6358-7361</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тимошкина</surname><given-names>Н. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Timoshkina</surname><given-names>N. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Тимошкина Наталья Николаевна, канд. биол. наук, заведующая лабораторией молекулярной онкологии </p><p>ул. 14-я линия, д. 63, г. Ростов-на-Дону, 344037</p><p>+7(863) 200-1000</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Natalya N. Timoshkina, Cand. of Sci. (Biology), Head of the Laboratory of Molecular Oncology</p><p>63, 14th Line str., Rostov-on-Don, 344037</p><p>+7(863) 200-1000</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">timoshkinann@rnioi.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8633-2660</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гвалдин</surname><given-names>Д. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gvaldin</surname><given-names>D. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Гвалдин Дмитрий Юрьевич, канд. биол. наук, научный сотрудник лаборатории молекулярной онкологии</p><p>ул. 14-я линия, д. 63, г. Ростов-на-Дону, 344037</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dmitriy Yu. Gvaldin, Cand. of Sci. (Biology), Researcher, Laboratory of Molecular Oncology</p><p>63, 14th Line str., Rostov-on-Don, 344037</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0118-4935</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Солдаткина</surname><given-names>Н. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Soldatkina</surname><given-names>N. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Солдаткина Наталья Васильевна, д-р мед. наук, ведущий научный сотрудник отделения абдоминальной онкологии № 2</p><p>ул. 14-я линия, д. 63, г. Ростов-на-Дону, 344037</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Natalya V. Soldatkina, Dr. of Sci. (Medicine), Leading Researcher, Department of Abdominal Oncology No. 2</p><p>63, 14th Line str., Rostov-on-Don, 344037</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1957-7363</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Геворкян</surname><given-names>Ю. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gevorkyan</surname><given-names>Yu. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Геворкян Юрий Артушевич, д-р мед. наук, профессор, заведующий отделением абдоминальной онкологии № 2</p><p>ул. 14-я линия, д. 63, г. Ростов-на-Дону, 344037</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Yuri A. Gevorkyan, Dr. of Sci. (Medicine), Professor, Head of the Department of Abdominal Oncology No. 2</p><p>63, 14th Line str., Rostov-on-Don, 344037</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр онкологии» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>National Medical Research Centre for Oncology</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>07</day><month>07</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>14</volume><issue>2</issue><issue-title>Special issue «Oncology»</issue-title><fpage>49</fpage><lpage>56</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Kit O.I., Timoshkina N.N., Gvaldin D.Y., Soldatkina N.V., Gevorkyan Y.A., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Кит О.И., Тимошкина Н.Н., Гвалдин Д.Ю., Солдаткина Н.В., Геворкян Ю.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kit O.I., Timoshkina N.N., Gvaldin D.Y., Soldatkina N.V., Gevorkyan Y.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.sechenovmedj.com/jour/article/view/940">https://www.sechenovmedj.com/jour/article/view/940</self-uri><abstract><p>In colorectal cancer (CRC) in addition to the most common mutations in the second exon of KRAS, there are rarer mutations that are not well understood as prognostic markers.</p><sec><title>Description of cases</title><p>Description of cases. We describe two clinical cases of moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma (low-grade, G2), which manifested a complicated course in a 67-year-old woman – intestinal obstruction (case 1) and in a 62-year-old man – paratumorous abscess (case 2). Both cases were characterized by the development of regional and distant metastases (liver, brain) and a short relapse-free period. We found rare sporadic mutations of KRAS A146V and A59G with microsatellite stability and no mutation in the V600 BRAF site.</p></sec><sec><title>Discussion</title><p>Discussion. In the presented case 1, the KRAS A146V mutation was detected, the frequency of its detection in our practice of testing 2103 cases of CRC was 0.48%. Case 2 shows the extremely rare A59G mutation. Among the patients with CRC we studied, we found mutations in codon 59 in only two, which amounted to 0.095%. Both rare mutations represent separate molecular subgroups of CRC, characterized by an unfavorable clinical outcome and requiring the development of special treatment regimens.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>При колоректальном раке (КРР) в дополнение к наиболее распространенным мутациям во втором экзоне KRAS встречаются более редкие мутации, недостаточно изученные в качестве прогностических маркеров.</p><sec><title>Описание случаев</title><p>Описание случаев. Представлены два клинических случая умеренно дифференцированной аденокарциномы (low-grade, G2), манифестировавшей осложненным течением у женщины 67 лет – кишечная непроходимость (случай 1) и у мужчины 62 лет – паратуморозный абсцесс (случай 2). Оба случая характеризовались развитием регионарных и отдаленных метастазов (печень, головной мозг) и коротким безрецидивным периодом. Обнаружены редкие спорадические мутации KRAS A146V и A59G с микросателлитной стабильностью и отсутствием мутации в сайте V600 BRAF.</p></sec><sec><title>Обсуждение</title><p>Обсуждение. В представленном случае 1 выявлена мутация KRAS A146V, частота ее обнаружения в нашей практике тестирования 2103 случаев КРР составила 0,48%. Случай 2 демонстрирует крайне редкую мутацию A59G. Среди исследованных нами пациентов с КРР мы обнаружили мутации в 59 кодоне лишь у двух, что составило 0,095%. Обе редкие мутации представляют отдельные молекулярные подгруппы КРР, характеризующиеся неблагоприятным клиническим исходом и требующие разработки специальных схем лечения.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>молекулярный профиль КРР</kwd><kwd>мутации KRAS А59G</kwd><kwd>мутации KRAS A146V</kwd><kwd>KRAS-таргетная терапия</kwd><kwd>терапия колоректального рака</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>molecular profile of CRC</kwd><kwd>KRAS А59G mutations</kwd><kwd>KRAS A146V mutations</kwd><kwd>KRAS-targeted therapy</kwd><kwd>colorectal cancer therapy</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hofmann M.H., Gerlach D., Misale S., et al. Expanding the reach of precision oncology by drugging all KRAS mutants. Cancer Discov. 2022 Apr 1; 12(4): 924–937. https://doi.org/10.1158/2159-8290.CD-21-1331. 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