sechenovSechenov Medical JournalСеченовский вестник2218-73322658-3348Сеченовский Университет10.47093/2218-7332.2023.14.3.7-18sechenov-968Research ArticleCELL BIOLOGY, CYTOLOGY, HISTOLOGYКЛЕТОЧНАЯ БИОЛОГИЯ, ЦИТОЛОГИЯ, ГИСТОЛОГИЯWays to increase the regenerative potential of mesenchymal stromal cellsПути повышения регенеративного потенциала мезенхимных стромальных клетокhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-8467-0623ПаюшинаО. В.PayushinaO. V.

Паюшина Ольга Викторовна - д-p биол. наук, доцент кафедры анатомии и гистологии человека 

ул. Трубецкая, д. 8, стр. 2, г. Москва, 119991

Тел.: +7 (926)505-84-27

Olga V. Payushina - Dr. of Sci. (Biology), Associate Professor, Human Anatomy and Histology Department

8/2, Trubetskaya str., Moscow, 119991

Tel.: +7 (926) 505-84-27

payushina@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-1381-0200ЦомартоваД. А.TsomartovaD. A.

Цомартова Дибахан Асланбековна - д-р мед. наук, профессор кафедры анатомии и гистологии человека 

ул. Трубецкая, д. 8, стр. 2, г. Москва, 119991

Dibakhan A. Tsomartova - Dr. of Sci. (Medicine), Professor, Human Anatomy and Histology Department

8/2, Trubetskaya str., Moscow, 119991

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1046-6336ЧерешневаЕ. В.ChereshnevaE. V.

Черешнева Елизавета Васильевна -  канд. мед. наук, доцент кафедры анатомии и гистологии человека 

ул. Трубецкая, д. 8, стр. 2, г. Москва, 119991

Elizaveta V. Chereshneva - Cand. of Sci. (Medicine), Associate Professor, Human Anatomy and Histology Department

8/2, Trubetskaya str., Moscow, 119991

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8215-4609ИвановаМ. Ю.IvanovaM. Yu.

Иванова Марина Юрьевна - канд. мед. наук, доцент кафедры анатомии и гистологии человека 

ул. Трубецкая, д. 8, стр. 2, г. Москва, 119991

Marina Yu. Ivanova - Cand. of Sci. (Medicine), Associate Professor, Human Anatomy and Histology Department

8/2, Trubetskaya str., Moscow, 119991

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6769-4543МухамедоваС. Г.MukhamedovaS. G.

Мухамедова Светлана Галиевна - д-р биол. наук, профессор кафедры анатомии и гистологии человека 

ул. Трубецкая, д. 8, стр. 2, г. Москва, 119991

Svetlana G. Mukhamedova - Dr. of Sci. (Biology), Professor, Human Anatomy and Histology Department

8/2, Trubetskaya str., Moscow, 119991

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6494-6311ПавловаМ. С.PavlovaM. S.

Павлова Мария Сергеевна - студентка, лаборант кафедры анатомии и гистологии человека 

ул. Трубецкая, д. 8, стр. 2, г. Москва, 119991

Mariya S. Pavlova - Student, Laboratory Assistant, Human Anatomy and Histology Department

8/2, Trubetskaya str., Moscow, 119991

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0704-1660КузнецовС. Л.KuznetsovS. L.

Кузнецов Сергей Львович - д-р мед. наук, чл.-корр. РАН, профессор кафедры анатомии и гистологии человека

ул. Трубецкая, д. 8, стр. 2, г. Москва, 119991

Sergey L. Kuznetsov - Dr. of Sci. (Medicine), Сorresponding member of the RAS, Professor, Human Anatomy and Histology Department

8/2, Trubetskaya str., Moscow, 119991

ФГАОУ ВО «Первый МГМУ им. И.М. Сеченова» Минздрава России (Сеченовский Университет)РоссияSechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University)Russian FederationФГАОУ ВО «Первый МГМУ им. И.М. Сеченова» Минздрава России (Сеченовский Университет)РоссияSechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University)Russian Federation202320102023143Special issue «Cell biology, citology, histology»718Copyright © Payushina O.V., Tsomartova D.A., Chereshneva E.V., Ivanova M.Y., Mukhamedova S.G., Pavlova M.S., Kuznetsov S.L., 20232023Паюшина О.В., Цомартова Д.А., Черешнева Е.В., Иванова М.Ю., Мухамедова С.Г., Павлова М.С., Кузнецов С.Л.Payushina O.V., Tsomartova D.A., Chereshneva E.V., Ivanova M.Y., Mukhamedova S.G., Pavlova M.S., Kuznetsov S.L.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.sechenovmedj.com/jour/article/view/968

The ability of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) to migrate into tissue defects and stimulate regeneration  makes them a valuable resource for cell therapy. However, in many cases, in vitro cultivation and the influence of  the pathological microenvironment in the patient’s body reduce the viability and therapeutic efficacy of MSCs, so  their regenerative potential needs to be strengthened. Preconditioning with hormones, cytokines, various chemical  or physical factors, cultivation in a three-dimensional environment or at a reduced oxygen content improves the  ability of MSCs to colonize damaged tissue, survive in it, and produce regulatory molecules for regeneration. The  same goals can be achieved by genetic modification of MSCs. In addition, with the help of transfected MSCs, it is  possible to deliver genes necessary for the treatment of hereditary or oncological diseases into the tissue. Finally, an  alternative to avoid a decrease in the therapeutic potential of subsequently transplanted MSCs during cultivation can  be stimulation of the migration of endogenous patient cells from tissue niches through the systemic circulation to  the area of damage. The development of these approaches opens the way to increasing the efficiency of using MSCs  in regenerative medicine.

Способность мезенхимных стромальных клеток (МСК) мигрировать в тканевые дефекты и стимулировать  регенерацию делает их ценным ресурсом для клеточной терапии. Однако во многих случаях культивирование in vitro и влияние патологического микроокружения в организме пациента снижают жизнеспособность  и терапевтическую эффективность МСК, поэтому их регенеративный потенциал нуждается в усилении. Прекондиционирование гормонами, цитокинами, различными химическими или физическими факторами, культивированием в трехмерном окружении или при пониженном содержании кислорода позволяет повысить  способность МСК заселять поврежденную ткань, выживать в ней и продуцировать регуляторные молекулы  для регенерации. Тех же целей можно достичь путем генетической модификации МСК. Кроме того, с помощью трансфицированных МСК возможна доставка в ткань генов, необходимых для лечения наследственных  или онкологических заболеваний. Наконец, альтернативой, позволяющей избежать снижения терапевтического потенциала трансплантируемых в последующем МСК при культивировании, может служить стимуляция миграции эндогенных клеток пациента из тканевых ниш через системный кровоток в область повреждения. Разработка перечисленных подходов открывает путь к повышению эффективности использования МСК  в регенеративной медицине.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.