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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">sechenov</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Sechenov Medical Journal</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Сеченовский вестник</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2218-7332</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2658-3348</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Сеченовский Университет</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.47093/2218-7332.2023.14.3.45-53</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">sechenov-976</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>CELL BIOLOGY, CYTOLOGY, HISTOLOGY</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>КЛЕТОЧНАЯ БИОЛОГИЯ, ЦИТОЛОГИЯ, ГИСТОЛОГИЯ</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Experimental androgen deficiency and associated structural  changes in the muscle tissue of the external anal sphincter</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Структурные изменения мышечной ткани наружного  сфинктера прямой кишки на фоне экспериментальной  андрогенной недостаточности</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4143-5628</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пронина</surname><given-names>А. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pronina</surname><given-names>A. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Пронина Антонина Сергеевна - соискатель ученой степени канд. биол. наук, старший преподаватель кафедры гистологии и эмбриологии </p><p>ул. Чапаевская, д. 89, г. Самара, 443099</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Antonina S. Pronina - applicant for Cand. of Sci. (Biology), Senior Lecturer, Department of Histology and Embryology</p><p>89, Chapaevskaya str., Samara</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0462-1344</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Суворова</surname><given-names>Г. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Suvorova</surname><given-names>G. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Суворова Галина Николаевна - д-р биол. наук, профессор, заведующий кафедрой гистологии и эмбриологии</p><p>Адрес: ул. Чапаевская, д. 89, г. Самара, 443099</p><p>Tel.: +7 (927) 756-10-30</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Galina N. Suvorova - Dr. of Sci. (Biology), Professor, Head of the Department of Histology and Embryology</p><p>89, Chapaevskaya str., Samara</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">g.n.suvorova@samsmu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7289-5577</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Вологдина</surname><given-names>Н. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Vologdina</surname><given-names>N. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Вологдина Наталья Николаевна - канд. биол. наук, старший преподаватель кафедры гистологии и эмбриологии </p><p>ул. Чапаевская, д. 89, г. Самара, 443099</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Natalya N. Vologdina - Cand. of Sci. (Biology), Senior Lecturer, Department of Histology and Embryology</p><p>89, Chapaevskaya str., Samara</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Самарский государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Samara State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Самарский государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Samara State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>20</day><month>10</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>14</volume><issue>3</issue><issue-title>Special issue «Cell biology, citology, histology»</issue-title><fpage>45</fpage><lpage>53</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Pronina A.S., Suvorova G.N., Vologdina N.N., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Пронина А.С., Суворова Г.Н., Вологдина Н.Н.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Pronina A.S., Suvorova G.N., Vologdina N.N.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.sechenovmedj.com/jour/article/view/976">https://www.sechenovmedj.com/jour/article/view/976</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Aim</title><p>Aim. We aimed to study the histological and ultramicroscopic structure of the striated muscle tissue of the external  anal sphincter (EAS) of mature male rats under experimental androgen deficiency.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. The study included 10 male laboratory rats aged 8 months, which were randomly divided  into 2 groups of 5 each. The experimental group underwent bilateral orchiectomy to create testosterone deficiency.  After 45 days, rats were sacrificed. We studied the concentration of testosterone in histological sections of EASs  using light microscopy and ultramicroscopy. We also determined the diameter of muscle fibers and the thickness  of endomysium, the area of muscle fibers, connective tissue, myofibrils and cytoplasm, identification of glycogen  granules in the cytoplasm and intermyofibrillar space, as well as changes in mitochondria.</p></sec><sec><title> Results</title><p> Results. In the experimental group, on the 45th day after surgical castration, the testosterone level was 2.5 times  lower than in the control group 2.69 (2.52; 2.73) nmol/l vs. 7.20 (6.83; 7.21) nmol/l, p = 0.008. Using morphometric  analysis, we found that in the experimental group after surgical castration the diameter of the muscle fibers was  statistically significantly smaller than in the control group: 6.56 (3.96; 7.24) µm vs. 9.52 (8.88; 10.44) µm, p &lt; 0.001,  while the thickness of the endomysium in the experimental group was greater: 3.34 (3.11; 3.78) µm vs. 1.62 (1.51;  1.86) µm, p &lt; 0.0001. The ratio of muscle fiber area/connective tissue area was statistically significantly lower in the  group after castration: 1.64 (1.50; 1.78) vs. 4.00 (3.17; 5.25), p &lt; 0.0001. The ratio of myofibril area/cytoplasmic area  changed in the experimental group towards the predominance of cytoplasm 0.79 (0.67; 0.79) vs. 5.25 (5.25; 7.33),  p &lt; 0.0001. With an increase in cytoplasmic volume, an increase in the number of glycogen granules was observed;  pathological forms of mitochondria were identified: swelling, destruction of cristae and vacuolization of their matrix.</p></sec><sec><title> Conclusion</title><p> Conclusion. Under conditions of testosterone deficiency, along with atrophic processes, compensatory and adaptive  mechanisms are formed in the striated skeletal muscle tissue of the EAS, aimed at restoring its metabolic and  functional organization</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><sec><title> Цель</title><p> Цель. Изучить гистологическое и ультрамикроскопическое строение поперечнополосатой мышечной ткани наружного сфинктера прямой кишки (НСПК) половозрелых крыс-самцов в условиях экспериментальной андрогенной недостаточности.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Исследование выполнено на 10 лабораторных крысах-самцах в возрасте 8 месяцев, которые были рандомно разделены на 2 группы по 5 в каждой. Экспериментальной группе проводили двухстороннюю орхиэктомию для формирования дефицита тестостерона. На 45-е сутки крыс выводили из эксперимента. Проводили исследование концентрации тестостерона, гистологических срезов НСПК с помощью световой микроскопии и ультрамикроскопии. Определяли диаметр мышечных волокон и толщину эндомизия, площадь мышечных волокон, соединительной ткани, миофибрилл и цитоплазмы, выявление гранул гликогена в цитоплазме и межмиофибриллярном пространстве, а также изменения в митохондриях.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. В экспериментальной группе на 45-е сутки после кастрации уровень тестостерона был в 2,5 раза ниже, чем в контрольной группе: 2,69 (2,52; 2,73) нмоль/л vs. 7,20 (6,83; 7,21) нмоль/л; р = 0,008. При проведении морфометрического анализа установлено, что в группе после кастрации диаметр мышечных волокон был статистически значимо меньше, чем в контрольной группе: 6,56 (3,96; 7,24) мкм vs. 9,52 (8,88; 10,44) мкм; р &lt; 0,001, при этом в экспериментальной группе толщина эндомизия была больше: 3,34 (3,11; 3,78) мкм vs. 1,62 (1,51; 1,86) мкм; р &lt; 0,0001. Отношение «площадь мышечных волокон / площадь соединительной ткани» было статистически значимо ниже в группе после кастрации: 1,64 (1,50; 1,78) vs. 4,00 (3,17; 5,25); р &lt; 0,0001. Отношение «площадь миофибрилл / площадь цитоплазмы» изменялось в экспериментальной группе в сторону преобладания цитоплазмы: 0,79 (0,67; 0,79) vs. 5,25 (5,25; 7,33); р &lt; 0,0001. С увеличением объема цитоплазмы наблюдался рост количества гранул гликогена; выявлялись патологические формы митохондрий: набухание, деструкция крист и вакуолизации их матрикса.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. В поперечнополосатой скелетной мышечной ткани НСПК в условиях дефицита тестостерона наряду с атрофическими процессами формируются компенсаторно-приспособительные механизмы, направленные на восстановление ее метаболической и функциональной организации.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>недостаточность анального сфинктера</kwd><kwd>скелетная мышечная ткань</kwd><kwd>гипогонадизм</kwd><kwd>дефицит тестостерона</kwd><kwd>мышечное волокно</kwd><kwd>интерстиций</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>anal sphincter insufficiency</kwd><kwd>striated muscle tissue</kwd><kwd>hypogonadism</kwd><kwd>testosterone deficiency</kwd><kwd>muscle fiber</kwd><kwd>interstitium</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Zarotsky V., Huang M-Yi., Carman W., et al. 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