Семейное сочетание диффузного лейомиоматоза и синдрома Альпорта: клинический случай
https://doi.org/10.47093/2218-7332.2025.16.4.1344
Аннотация
Синдром Альпорта (СА) – наследственная нефропатия, обусловленная мутациями в генах COL4A3, COL4A4 и COL4A5. Редкие смежные варианты COL4A5–COL4A6 вызывают СА с диффузным лейомиоматозом (СА-ДЛ).
Описание случая. У 16-летнего пациента с детства отмечались умеренная протеинурия, гематурия, снижение слуха и миопия. Расчетная СКФ – 82,8 мл/мин/1,73 м2. Биопсия почки: сегментарный мезангиальный склероз; иммунная флюоресценция отрицательна. Электронная микроскопия: диффузное истончение гломерулярной базальной мембраны и слияние ножек подоцитов. Двое братьев с терминальной почечной недостаточностью умерли в подростковом возрасте; у матери – гематурия, миома матки и доброкачественная опухоль мочевого пузыря. Диагноз Х-сцепленного СА установлен по критериям Флинтера; начата нефропротективная терапия. С 2024 года появились эпигастральные жалобы; эндоскопия выявила подслизистое образование желудка размером 2 см. Полногеномное секвенирование обнаружило гемизиготный миссенс-вариант в COL4A5 и делецию экзонов 1–2 COL4A6, что подтвердило СА-ДЛ.
Обсуждение. Представленный случай демонстрирует сочетание СА с ДЛ и показывает, что ранний семейный скрининг в сочетании с мультидисциплинарным клиническим, гистопатологическим и генетическим обследованием обеспечивает своевременную диагностику атипичных семейных форм СА-ДЛ и улучшает тактику ведения пациентов.
Ключевые слова
Об авторах
М. БолтабоеваУзбекистан
Болтабоева Мукаддас, PhD, ассистент кафедры госпитальной педиатрии
ул. С.Ю. Отабекова, д. 1, г. Андижан, 170100
А. Хайдаров
Узбекистан
Хайдаров Абдулхамид, студент
ул. С.Ю. Отабекова, д. 1, г. Андижан, 170100
М. Ганиева
Узбекистан
Ганиева Марифат, канд. мед. наук, доцент кафедры госпитальной педиатрии
ул. С.Ю. Отабекова, д. 1, г. Андижан, 170100
Д. Холматов
Узбекистан
Холматов Даврон, канд. мед. наук, доцент кафедры госпитальной педиатрии
ул. С.Ю. Отабекова, д. 1, г. Андижан, 170100
О. Ефименко
Узбекистан
Ефименко Оксана, канд. мед. наук, доцент кафедры госпитальной педиатрии
ул. С.Ю. Отабекова, д. 1, г. Андижан, 170100
Л. Рахманова
Узбекистан
Рахманова Лола, д-р мед. наук, доцент кафедры внутренних болезней в семейной медицине № 2
ул. С.А. Фаробий, д. 2, г. Ташкент, 100109
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Sechenov Medical Journal. Editor's checklist for this article you can find here.
Журнал «Сеченовский вестник» |
| Sechenov Medical Journal |
Рецензии на рукопись |
| Peer-review reports |
Название / Title | Семейное сочетание диффузного лейомиоматоза и синдрома Альпорта: клинический случай / Familial co-occurrence of diffuse leiomyomatosis and Alport syndrome: a clinical case report
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Раздел / Section
| ВНУТРЕННИЕ БОЛЕЗНИ/ INTERNAL MEDICINE
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Тип / Article | Клинический случай / Сlinical case |
Номер / Number | 1344
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Страна/территория / Country/Territory of origin | Узбекистан / Uzbekistan |
Язык / Language | Английский / English
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Источник / Manuscript source | Инициативная рукопись / Unsolicited manuscript |
Дата поступления / Received | 06.09.2025 |
Тип рецензирования / Type ofpeer-review | Двойное слепое / Double blind |
Язык рецензирования / Peer-review language | Английский / English
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РЕЦЕНЗЕНТ А / REVIEWER A
Инициалы / Initials | 1344_А
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Научная степень / Scientific degree | Кандидат медицинских наук / Cand. of Sci. (Medicine)
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Страна/территория / Country/Territory | Россия / Russia
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Дата рецензирования / Date of peer-review | 21.10.2025 |
Число раундов рецензирования / Number of peer-review rounds | 1 |
Финальное решение / Final decision | Требуется незначительная доработка / minor revision
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ПЕРВЫЙ РАУНД РЕЦЕНЗИРОВАНИЯ / FIRST ROUND OF PEER-REVIEW
Scientific quality: Grade C: Good
Language quality: Grade B: Minor language polishing
This article discusses a rare case of diffuse leiomyomatosis and Alport syndrome in one family member. This case is of high clinical significance for nephrologists, pediatricians, and other related physicians. The case is relevant due to the rarity of the described phenotype and the necessity of a multidisciplinary approach to complex familial nephropathies. The authors emphasize the importance of genealogical analysis and extensive genetic testing, both of which fully comply with current recommendations.
The article is logically structured and covers the following sections: abstract, introduction, case description, discussion, conclusion, and references. The clinical case description is thorough and consistent, sufficiently substantiating each diagnostic step. Clear clinical, laboratory, instrumental, and molecular genetic data confirm both diagnoses: Alport syndrome and diffuse leiomyomatosis.
The authors performed a detailed analysis of the family's pedigree and genetic characteristics, considering the variability of Alport syndrome manifestations in different family members. This case clearly illustrates the need for early family screening and multidisciplinary follow-up. A notable aspect of this case is the occurrence of Alport syndrome and diffuse leiomyomatosis in the patient and several family members simultaneously. This case underscores the importance of clinical and genealogical analyses for diagnosing this disorder, particularly when molecular genetics are not readily available; diagnosis can be made based on family history and clinical examination alone. The presented pedigree confirms the X-linked mechanism and variable organ damage, both of which are important for personalized genetic counseling.
Comments:
- It would be helpful to add more data on the frequency of such associations and a greater emphasis on the clinical management of these patients in real-life settings in several sections of the article (introduction, discussion).
- If possible, clarify whether similar manifestations have been detected in other maternal relatives.
The article meets the criteria for publication in a peer-reviewed clinical journal. It has scientific and practical significance and may be useful for implementing multidisciplinary approaches to diagnosing rare hereditary nephropathies. With minimal text revisions and expansion of certain aspects (e.g., world literature review, clinical guidelines), publication is recommended.
РЕЦЕНЗЕНТ B / REVIEWER B
Инициалы / Initials | 1344_В
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Научная степень / Scientific degree | Доктор медицинских наук / Dr. of Sci. (Medicine)
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Страна/территория / Country/Territory | Россия / Russia
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Дата рецензирования / Date of peer-review | 10.10.2025 |
Число раундов рецензирования / Number of peer-review rounds | 1 |
Финальное решение / Final decision | Требуется незначительная доработка / minor revision
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ПЕРВЫЙ РАУНД РЕЦЕНЗИРОВАНИЯ / FIRST ROUND OF PEER-REVIEW
Scientific quality: Grade C: Good
Language quality: Grade B: Minor language polishing
Although similar cases have been published in the literature, this clinical case is truly rare. An adequate differential diagnosis was performed, which included genetic testing. The cited literature is relevant and current. The conclusion is well-founded.
Comments and recommendations:
- Expand the patient's medical history by presenting laboratory test results over time, particularly those for creatinine and glomerular filtration rate. Although Alport disease is usually progressive with rapid loss of kidney function, this case had relatively stable kidney function with minimal changes in urine analysis. Include comments about the slow progression of kidney disease in the discussion section.
- Micrographs and descriptions of light microscopy, immunofluorescence, and electron microscopy are required. Currently, only electron microscopy is described in the text.
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