The emergence of a medical specialty (with particular reference to neurosurgery). Part III. Institutional factor

摘要

The third part of this paper is focused on institutional factor of emergence of neurosurgery as a medical specialty. This factor includes setting up neurosurgery schools, postgraduate neurosurgical training, specialized departments, chairs and institutes, neurosurgical societies and journals. It is concluded that in the interwar period (1920-1930-s) became neurosurgery a separate medical specialty in USSR, Great Britain, France, Germany, USA and Canada. The theory of discipline-making factors might be used for study of emergence of other medical specialties and the phenomenon of specialization in medicine.