间充质基质细胞及其的分泌物在肾脏修复过程中的作用

摘要
肾脏疾病是重要的医学问题。肾脏损伤伴有氧化应激，细胞死亡，毛细血管破坏，炎症和纤维化。间充质基质细胞（MSCs）通过产生各种调控分子（其中包括位于细胞外囊泡中的）影响修复再生过程，因此被看作是肾脏疾病细胞治疗的最有前景的资源。它们的肾脏保护作用已在不同的实验模型中显现出来，但临床试验结果尚不明确。 在受损的肾脏中的低存活率，潜在的免疫原性，致瘤性和促纤维化性使得间充质基质细胞的临床应用变得困难。 运用间充质基质细胞分泌物（来自条件培养基或细胞外囊泡）的无细胞治疗是利用这些细胞再生潜力的一个前景方向。然而，将间充质基质细胞及其分泌产物引入医学实践需要进一步研究它们的促增殖作用的机制，改进培养方案并进行大量临床试验。

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