孕早期孕妇生殖因素对产前筛查指标的影响

简介
孕妇生殖因素对孕妇产前筛查中染色体异常（CA），子痫前症（PE），小于胎龄儿（SGA fetus），以及早产（PB）的风险指标的影响尚未得到充分研究。
目的
研究孕妇生殖因素对产前筛查中使用的Astraia Obstetrics 模板评估的染色体异常（CA），子痫前症（PE），小于胎龄儿（SGA fetus），以及早产（PB）风险指标的影响。
材料和方法
在接受产前筛查的11841名孕妇中，有18.53%的患者的检查结果为高风险（频率在1：100甚至更高）。将高风险的患者单独分为几个组，染色体异常－69例，子痫前症（PE）－66例，小于胎龄儿（SGA fetus）－48例，早产－52例。通过按年龄分层随机分组的方式从低危患者组中选择208名进行对照。
结果
在生殖器外疾病中，所有高危组常见为：高血压（AH）I和II级-31–47％，对照组为4.8％（p <0.05），下肢静脉曲张（VVLE）－17-30%，对照组为5.3%（p<0.05），有卵巢肿瘤病史－12-33%，对照组为3%（p<0.05）。在发生染色体异常（CA），子痫前症（PE），小于胎龄儿（SGA fetus）的高危组中，子宫肌瘤和缺铁性贫血相较对照组更常见，分别为：10-41%，对照组为1%（p<0.05），和10-17%，对照组为3%（p<0.05）。有妊娠史的初产妇在染色体异常（CA）（33%）和早产（35%）的高风险组更常见，对照组为17%（p<0.05）。
结论
将所有研究结果与动脉高血压，下肢静脉曲张，卵巢肿瘤病史之间建立关联。与对照组相比，在染色体异常（CA），子痫前症（PE），小于胎龄儿（SGA fetus）的高危亚组中，子宫肌瘤和缺铁性贫血（IDA）的发生率更高。

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